Solid‐state epitaxy of osmium silicide on (111)Si under reducing atmosphere

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 3011-3013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. S. Chang ◽  
M. L. Chou
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Reducing Atmosphere ◽  
Osmium Silicide

The Morphologies and Photoluminescence of Ce3+-Doped 0.5La2O3-2SrO-0.5Al2O3 Phosphors with SrF2

2016 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
pp. 228-232
Author(s):  
Xi Guang Gu ◽  
Ren Li Fu ◽  
Ye Tang ◽  
Fang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
White Light ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Emission Intensity ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Conventional Solid State Reaction ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
Reducing Atmosphere ◽  
White Light Emitting Diodes

Ce3+-doped 0.5La2O3-2SrO-0.5Al2O3 (LSA:Ce) phosphors had been successfully synthesized using a conventional solid-state reaction method under reducing atmosphere (H2/N2 =1/5). The phase, morphologies and luminescence properties of the LSA:Ce phosphors were investigated. The emission intensity of LSA:Ce phosphors was improved by the addition of SrF2 as flux, and red shift of PL spectra peak was observed in this phosphors. Research results shown that the LSA:Ce phosphors have the potential to meet the development of white light-emitting diodes.

scholarly journals Feasibility of nickel extraction from Indian chromite overburden by solid state reduction and smelting route

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-235
Author(s):  
P. Ganesh ◽  
Dishwar Kumar ◽  
S. Agrawal ◽  
Mandal Kumar ◽  
N. Sahu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Horizontal Tube ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
State Reduction ◽  
Nickel Extraction ◽  
Reducing Atmosphere ◽  
Chromite Overburden ◽  
Solid State Reduction ◽  
Horizontal Tube Furnace ◽  
Direct Smelting

The present work demonstrates the extraction of nickel from low-grade chromite overburden by using solid state reduction and direct smelting route. Goethite & Quartz are present as major phases whereas chromite, hematite were identified as minor phases in the mineral. Solid state reduction of pellets were carried out inside a horizontal tube furnace at 1000?C, 1200?C, 1400?C for 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes respectively with creating reducing atmosphere. Pellets of varying basicity (i.e. 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9) were used directly in the EAF for smelting studies. Highest percent of nickel (2%) having ~ 91% recovery were obtained in solid state reduction route for pellets which was reduced at 1400?C for 120 minute. Similar recovery (~90%) of nickel was obtained inside the ingot (0.67% Ni ) by using pellets of 0.9 basicity through smelting route. From the present investigation, it could be concluded that the solid state reduction as well as smelting routes are feasible for the recovery of nickel from low grade chromite overburden. The production of nickel pig (low grade ferronickel) could also be feasible by smelting route.

scholarly journals Thermoelectric Study of La2Ti2-xNbxO7 (0≤x≤0.25) Ceramic Materials

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
A. C. Iyasara ◽  
F. U. Idu ◽  
E. O. Nwabineli ◽  
T. C. Azubuike ◽  
C. V. Arinze
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
Reducing Atmosphere ◽  
High Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Porous Microstructures

La2Ti2-xNbxO7 (x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25) powders were synthesised via solid state reaction method, followed by sintering at 1673 K in a reducing atmosphere of 5% H2/N2 gas. The crystal structure, microstructure and thermoelectric (TE) properties of the pure and Nb-doped La2Ti2O7 ceramics were investigated. All compositions were single phase with porous microstructures consistent with their low experimental densities. Thermoelectric results of Nb-doped compositions showed improved properties in comparison to pure La2Ti2O7, suggesting that cation doping has the potential to improve the thermoelectric properties. Generally, the TE results obtained are not suitable for thermoelectric applications. However, the high Seebeck coefficient (≥190 μV/K) and glass-like thermal conductivity ( ≤2.26 w / m.k )  values achieved have opened a new window for exploring the thermoelectric potentials of La2Ti2O7 and other related oxides.

Preparation and Luminescent Properties of Zn2SiO4:Mn2+

2008 ◽  
Vol 368-372 ◽  
pp. 375-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Mei Cao ◽  
Wen Bo Bu ◽  
Chuan Ai Ren ◽  
Xiao Xu ◽  
Qiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Active Carbon ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Luminescent Properties ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
Manganese Nitrate ◽  
Reducing Atmosphere ◽  
Pure Sio2

Zn2SiO4:Mn2+ was synthesized via a dipping method. Stoichiometric high pure SiO2 was put into the solution of zinc nitrate and manganese nitrate. The mixture was milled while being heated until the water was vaporized completely. The as-received mixture was added into the ethanol, and dispersed well, then the mixture was milled and heated to remove the ethanol thoroughly by evaporation. The precursor were dried for several hours at 60°C, and annealed in a reducing atmosphere of active carbon at 1000°C for 4 h. As-prepared powders of Zn2SiO4:Mn2+ was tested by XRD and SEM. Its luminescent properties were characterized by excitation and emission spectra. The results are compared with those of Zn2SiO4:Mn2+ prepared by a general solid state reaction.

Ultrahigh Permittivity, Ultralow Loss and Stability in (In0.5Ta0.5)0.1Ti0.9O2 Ceramics With Temperature Range From -100 to 235 °C

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Xue ◽  
Zhuo Wang ◽  
Yanxin Li ◽  
Zhihui Yi ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Dielectric Loss ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Reducing Atmosphere ◽  
Dense Microstructure ◽  
Microelectronic Devices ◽  
Potential Applications

Abstract Dielectric materials with excellent dielectric properties are being promoted in requirements of microelectronic devices. In this study, (In0.5Ta0.5)0.1Ti0.9O2 ceramics were achieved by a solid-state reaction with reducing atmosphere of N2. Also, dense microstructure, ultrahigh permittivity (εr = 1.18 × 105) and ultralow dielectric loss (tanδ = 0.0072) were demonstrated at1 kHz. Interestingly enough, the temperature coefficient of permittivity which satisfies X9D (-100 °C - 235 °C, Δεr/ε25°C < ± 3.3 %) maintained stability at 1 kHz, and the dielectric mechanism could be connected to the electron-pinned defect dipoles (EPDD), which has favourable potential applications in electronic devices.

Improving piezoelectric strain and anti-reduction properties on K0.5Na0.5NbO3-based ceramics sintered in reducing atmosphere

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyong Cen ◽  
Ze Xu ◽  
Xiao-Hui Wang ◽  
Longtu Li
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Piezoelectric Ceramics ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Conventional Solid State Reaction ◽  
Reducing Atmosphere ◽  
Coexisting Phases ◽  
Piezoelectric Strain

Lead-free 0.945K0.48Na0.52Nb0.96Ta0.04O3-0.055BaZrO3+6%MnO+xZrO2 piezoelectric ceramics sintered in reducing atmosphere were prepared by conventional solid-state reaction methods. ZrO2 dopant results in the increase of rhombohedral (R) phase in orthorhombic (O)/R coexisting phases....

scholarly journals Thermoelectric Study of La2Ti2-xNbxO7 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.25) Ceramics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adindu Cyril Iyasara ◽  
Felix U Idu
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
Reducing Atmosphere ◽  
High Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Porous Microstructures

Abstract La2Ti2 − xNbxO7 (x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25) powders were synthesised via solid state reaction method, followed by sintering at 1673 K in a reducing atmosphere of 5% H2/N2 gas. The crystal structure, microstructure and thermoelectric (TE) properties of the pure and Nb-doped La2Ti2O7 ceramics were investigated. All compositions were single phase with porous microstructures consistent with their low experimental densities. Thermoelectric results of Nb-doped compositions showed improved properties in comparison to pure La2Ti2O7, suggesting that cation doping has the potential to improve the thermoelectric properties. Generally, the TE results obtained are not suitable for thermoelectric applications. However, the high Seebeck coefficient ( \ge 190 µV/K) and glass-like thermal conductivity ( \le 2.26 \text{W}/\text{m}.\text{K}) values achieved have opened a new window for exploring the thermoelectric potentials of La2Ti2O7 and other related oxides.

Effect of Excitation Wavelength on the Blue Emitting Sr2MgSi2O7 Phosphor

2015 ◽  
Vol 1087 ◽  
pp. 360-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.H. Chang ◽  
Swee Yong Pung ◽  
M.N. Ahmad Fauzi ◽  
Shah Rizal Kasim
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Blue Emission ◽  
Excitation Wavelength ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reducing Atmosphere ◽  
Long Afterglow ◽  
Crystal Phases ◽  
Scanning Electron

Long afterglow blue emission silicate (SMS) phosphor doped with Eu2+ and Ce3+ was synthesized via traditional solid-state reaction in the weak reducing atmosphere. X-ray diffractometer (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscope were employed to characterize its crystal phases, surface morphology and elements composition. The photoluminescence (PL) properties were characterized by PL Spectrophotometer. It was found that the excitation wavelength played a significant role in photoluminescence emission intensity.

Effects of Forming Gas Annealing on Ba4Nb2O9 Ceramics

2011 ◽  
Vol 687 ◽  
pp. 275-278
Author(s):  
Yuan Meng ◽  
Wan Ping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Dielectric Loss ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Oxidation Treatment ◽  
Reducing Atmosphere ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Oxidation In Air

Ba4Nb2O9 ceramics were synthesized via solid state reaction and sintered in air. Annealing in 5%H2 + 95%N2 at 900°C for 2 h resulted in an increase in leakage current by several orders of magnitude, and obvious increases in low-frequency capacitance and dielectric loss, while re-oxidation in air at 900°C for 2 h led to a partial recovery. It is proposed that oxygen vacancies and Nb4+ were formed through annealing in the reducing atmosphere while inverse process occurred in the re-oxidation treatment. Re-oxidation is helpful to improve the properties of barium niobates ceramics sintered or heat-treated in reducing atmospheres and further investigations are desirable.

scholarly journals The effect of calcium substitution on the afterglow of Eu2+/Dy3+ doped Sr4Al14O25

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danuta Dacyl ◽  
Dominik Uhlich ◽  
Thomas Jüstel
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Blue Shift ◽  
Persistent Luminescence ◽  
Reducing Atmosphere

AbstractThe effect of calcium substitution on the afterglow of tetrastrontium aluminate phosphors (Sr4Al14O25:Eu2+, Dy3+) was investigated. A series of (Sr1-xCax)O⊎nAl2O3:Eu2+(1%), Dy3+(0.5%), with variation of calcium content (x = 0 − 1), were synthesized by a high temperature solid state reaction in a reducing atmosphere. The photoluminescence, persistent luminescence (afterglow), and lumen equivalents of these materials were studied and compared. It turned out that the afterglow properties of the phosphors were strongly dependent on the Sr/Ca ratio. As the Ca content increased, a phase transition and blue shift in emission spectra were observed.

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