Proton‐exchanged, lithium niobate planar‐optical waveguides: Chemical and optical properties and room‐temperature hydrogen isotopic exchange reactions

1987 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Loni ◽  
R. M. De La Rue ◽  
J. M. Winfield
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Lithium Niobate ◽  
Optical Waveguides ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Isotopic Exchange ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
Planar Optical Waveguides

Optical Waveguide Fabrication by Stoichiometric Implantation of Ti and O into LiNbO3

1989 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. B. Pokers ◽  
W. Xia
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Optical Waveguides ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
High Substrate Temperature ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Waveguide Fabrication ◽  
Water Saturated ◽  
Substrate Annealing ◽  
Planar Optical Waveguides ◽  
Saturated Oxygen

ABSTRACTX-cut substrates of LiNbO3 have been implanted at 500°C with Ti and O to doses of 2.5 and 7.5×l017 ions/cm2, respectively. The high substrate temperature during implantation ensures dynamic recrystallization, preserving the crystallinity of the LiNbOs-The stability of the stoichiometric implants is enhanced sufficiently that annealing at 1000°C proceeds with no surface degradation of the substrate. Annealing under identical conditions without the 0 implant usually results in phase separation of an oxide at the surface, even when annealing is performed immediately following implantation. Samples implanted with Ti and O to preserve the stoichiometric metahoxygen ratio of the substrate can be stored at room temperature for several months without phase separation. Planar optical waveguides have been produced by stoichiometric implantation followed by annealing in water-saturated oxygen for one hour at temperatures of 900 and 1000°C. The sample annealed at 900°C supported a single lossy mode, while the 1000°C sample supported two propagating modes and one lossy mode at λ=0.6μm.

Processing and properties of diffused lithium niobate planar optical waveguides

1980 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Holman ◽  
P. J. Cressman ◽  
J. A. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Niobate ◽  
Optical Waveguides ◽  
Planar Optical Waveguides

Calculation of hybrid modes in uniaxial planar optical waveguides: application to proton exchange lithium niobate waveguides

1993 ◽  
Vol 101 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 424-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Tartarini ◽  
Paolo Bassi ◽  
Shufen Chen ◽  
Marc P. De Micheli ◽  
Daniel B. Ostrowsky
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Niobate ◽  
Optical Waveguides ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Planar Optical Waveguides
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