Measurement of anode surface temperature during a high‐current vacuum arc

1975 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 4701-4704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond L. Boxman
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Anode Surface ◽  
High Current

scholarly journals Emission Spectroscopy During High-Current Anode Modes in Vacuum Arc

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-252
Author(s):  
A. Khakpour ◽  
R. Methling ◽  
St. Franke ◽  
S. Gortschakow ◽  
D. Uhrlandt
Keyword(s):  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Metal Vapor ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Anode Surface ◽  
High Current ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Distribution ◽  
Vacuum Interrupter ◽  
Ionic Copper ◽  
Current Zero

A vacuum interrupter reaches its interruption limit once high-current anode phenomena occur. High-current anode modes lead to an increase of the anode surface temperature and an increased generation of metal vapor, which may result in a weakening of the dielectric recovery strength after current zero. In this work, different discharge modes in a vacuum arc for AC 50 Hz including diffuse, footpoint, anode spot type 1 and type 2, and anode plume are investigated. Electrodes made of CuCr7525 with diameter of 10 mm are used. The final gap length is about 20 mm. Time and space resolved optical emission spectroscopy is used to examine the temporal and spatial distribution of atomic and ionic copper lines. The distribution of atomic and ionic lines parallel and perpendicular to the anode surface is investigated. Radiator density is also determined for CuI, CuII, and CuIII near the anode surface.

scholarly journals Determination of Cr Density in the Active Phase of a High-current Vacuum Arcs

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gortschakow ◽  
A. Khakpour ◽  
S. Popov ◽  
St. Franke ◽  
R. Methling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
State Density ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Anode Surface ◽  
High Current ◽  
Electrode Gap ◽  
Broadband Absorption ◽  
Vapour Density

Melting and evaporation of the anode surface strongly influence the interruption capability of vacuum circuit breakers, because they lead to injection of atomic vapour into the inter-electrode gap. Determination of the vapour density and its dynamics with respect to different anode phenomena is therefore of great importance. Results of Cr density measurements in a high-current vacuum arc by using broadband absorption spectroscopy are presented. The vapour density of atomic Cr is determined after the formation of anode spots as well as close to the current zero. Cr I resonance lines at 425.43 nm have been used for the analysis. An AC current pulse with maximum value of 7 kA and a frequency of 100 Hz is applied to a vacuum arc between two cylindrical butt electrodes made of CuCr7525 with a diameter of 10 mm. The high-current anode modes are observed by means of high-speed camera imaging. The temporal evolution of the Cr ground state density is presented and discussed.

Anode Heat Flux Density of High-Current Arcs

1971 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. T. Shih ◽  
R. Dethlefsen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Heat Flux Density ◽  
Surface Melting ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Anode Surface ◽  
High Current ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Arc Current

The anode heat flux density of high-current arcs was determined by measuring the time from striking an arc to the onset of surface melting. Data were taken using argon and nitrogen with different metals, pressures, and anode surface temperatures. The anode heat flux density was found to be between 104 and 106 w/cm2 for arc currents of 50 to 2000 amp; these values increased with increasing arc current and gas pressure and were higher in nitrogen than in argon. The initial anode surface temperature also had a strong effect on the anode attachment spot.

Anode Surface Temperature Determination in High-Current Vacuum Arcs by Different Methods

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 2099-2107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Methling ◽  
Steffen Franke ◽  
Sergey Gortschakow ◽  
Markus Abplanalp ◽  
Ralf-Patrick Sutterlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Anode Surface ◽  
High Current ◽  
Temperature Determination

High‐current vacuum arc column motion on rail electrodes

1977 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 1885-1889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond L. Boxman
Keyword(s):  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
High Current

Physical investigations of a high-current vacuum arc discharge

1992 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-530
Author(s):  
G. A. Dyuzhev ◽  
S. M. Shkol'nik
Keyword(s):  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
High Current
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