Thickness scalability of large volume cadmium zinc telluride high resolution radiation detectors

2009 ◽  
Vol 105 (11) ◽  
pp. 114910 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Awadalla ◽  
H. Chen ◽  
J. Mackenzie ◽  
P. Lu ◽  
K. Iniewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Cadmium Zinc Telluride ◽  
Zinc Telluride ◽  
Radiation Detectors ◽  
Cadmium Zinc

Thermal Annealing: A Technique to Improve the Performance of Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) Material for Semiconductor Radiation Detector Applications

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron L. Adams ◽  
Aschalew Kassu ◽  
Wing Chan ◽  
Mebougna Drabo ◽  
Rodney Pinder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Cadmium Zinc Telluride ◽  
Radiation Detector ◽  
Zinc Telluride ◽  
Radiation Detectors ◽  
Nuclear Radiation ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Cadmium Zinc

Extensive research was undertaken over the past 20 years to investigate the suitability of cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) crystals as a material for room-temperature nuclear-radiation detectors. Large-volume CZT crystals, with thicknesses up to 2 cm and large effective areas of roughly 5–10 cm2, are needed to fabricate efficient detectors that meet the working requirements of federal agencies, such as the DOE/NNSA (Department Energy National Nuclear Security Administration), Department of Homeland Security (DHS), and the Department of Defense (DOD). However, because of the imperfect methods for growing crystals, the resulting large-volume crystals most often are not perfect single ones, and contain structural defects such as voids, pipes, impurities from source materials, tellurium inclusions and precipitates, vacancies, and vacancy-impurity complexes generated during the process of their production. Other extended defects that may be present include grain boundaries, micro twins, and walls of dislocations (sub-grain boundaries). Identifying these defects, controlling their occurrence and eliminating them from the bulk CZT material currently are important tasks that will improve the yield of detector-grade crystals from ingots, and ultimately better their performance. In this study, we used a post-growth thermal annealing technique to remove the performance-limiting defects caused by tellurium inclusions and associated impurities in the CZT crystals. We realized a 66% ± 16% reduction in the size of the inclusions, with an overall elimination of 17% ± 2% of them. We believe that our experimental results offer a better understanding of the optimal annealing parameters, and of the dynamic properties of post-growth annealing processes.

scholarly journals Opto-electrical characterization and X-ray Mapping of large-volume cadmium zinc telluride radiation detectors

2009 ◽  
Vol 1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ge Yang ◽  
Aleksey E Bolotnik ◽  
Giuseppe Camarda ◽  
Yonggang Cui ◽  
Anwar Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Volume ◽  
Cadmium Zinc Telluride ◽  
Radiation Detection ◽  
Zinc Telluride ◽  
Radiation Detectors ◽  
Internal Electric Field ◽  
Pockels Effect ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Czt Detectors ◽  
Cadmium Zinc

AbstractLarge-volume cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) radiation detectors would greatly improve radiation detection capabilities and, therefore, attract extensive scientific and commercial interests. CZT crystals with volumes as large as hundreds of centimeters can be achieved today due to improvements in the crystal growth technology. However, the poor performance of large-volume CZT detectors is still a challenging problem affecting the commercialization of CZT detectors and imaging arrays. We have employed Pockels effect measurements and synchrotron X-ray mapping techniques to investigate the performance-limiting factors for large-volume CZT detectors. Experimental results with the above characterization methods reveal the non-uniform distribution of internal electric field of large-volume CZT detectors, which help us to better understand the responsible mechanism for the insufficient carrier collection in large-volume CZT detectors.

Formation and Characterization of CuPt-A type Ordered Structure in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Single Crystals

CrystEngComm ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanzhong Li ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
Chong Deng
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Cadmium Zinc Telluride ◽  
Zinc Telluride ◽  
Radiation Detectors ◽  
Ordered Structure ◽  
Ordered Phases ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cadmium Zinc

Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CdZnTe) single crystals have been widely ultilized in various photoelectron devices such as radiation detectors and solar cells. Different types of ordered phases have also been investigated...

Recent advances in the development of high-resolution 3D cadmium–zinc–telluride drift strip detectors

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1564-1576
Author(s):  
Leonardo Abbene ◽  
Gaetano Gerardi ◽  
Fabio Principato ◽  
Antonino Buttacavoli ◽  
Saverio Altieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Cadmium Zinc Telluride ◽  
Zinc Telluride ◽  
Strip Detectors ◽  
Correction Technique ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Induced Charge ◽  
Cadmium Zinc

In the last two decades, great efforts have been made in the development of 3D cadmium–zinc–telluride (CZT) detectors operating at room temperature for gamma-ray spectroscopic imaging. This work presents the spectroscopic performance of new high-resolution CZT drift strip detectors, recently developed at IMEM-CNR of Parma (Italy) in collaboration with due2lab (Italy). The detectors (19.4 mm × 19.4 mm × 6 mm) are organized into collecting anode strips (pitch of 1.6 mm) and drift strips (pitch of 0.4 mm) which are negatively biased to optimize electron charge collection. The cathode is divided into strips orthogonal to the anode strips with a pitch of 2 mm. Dedicated pulse processing analysis was performed on a wide range of collected and induced charge pulse shapes using custom 32-channel digital readout electronics. Excellent room-temperature energy resolution (1.3% FWHM at 662 keV) was achieved using the detectors without any spectral corrections. Further improvements (0.8% FWHM at 662 keV) were also obtained through a novel correction technique based on the analysis of collected-induced charge pulses from anode and drift strips. These activities are in the framework of two Italian research projects on the development of spectroscopic gamma-ray imagers (10–1000 keV) for astrophysical and medical applications.

Surface passivation of cadmium zinc telluride radiation detectors by potassium hydroxide solution

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 708-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaushik Chattopadhyay ◽  
Miguel Hayes ◽  
Jean-Olivier Ndap ◽  
Arnold Burger ◽  
W. J. Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Surface Passivation ◽  
Cadmium Zinc Telluride ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Zinc Telluride ◽  
Radiation Detectors ◽  
Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Cadmium Zinc

scholarly journals Low-cost cadmium zinc telluride radiation detectors based on electron-transport-only designs

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Brunett ◽  
J. C. Lund ◽  
J. M. Van Scyoc ◽  
N. R. Hilton ◽  
E. Y. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transport ◽  
Cadmium Zinc Telluride ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Zinc Telluride ◽  
Radiation Detectors ◽  
Cadmium Zinc
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