Spacetime Foam and Dark Energy

Entropy and Gravitation—From Black Hole Computers to Dark Energy and Dark Matter

Entropy ◽

10.3390/e21111035 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (11) ◽

pp. 1035 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Y. Ng

Keyword(s):

Black Hole ◽

Dark Matter ◽

Dark Energy ◽

Cosmological Constant ◽

Black Hole Entropy ◽

Dark Sector ◽

Dark Matter Search ◽

Particle Phenomenology ◽

Back Door ◽

Spacetime Foam

We show that the concept of entropy and the dynamics of gravitation provide the linchpin in a unified scheme to understand the physics of black hole computers, spacetime foam, dark energy, dark matter and the phenomenon of turbulence. We use three different methods to estimate the foaminess of spacetime, which, in turn, provides a back-door way to derive the Bekenstein-Hawking formula for black hole entropy and the holographic principle. Generalizing the discussion for a static spacetime region to the cosmos, we find a component of dark energy (resembling an effective positive cosmological constant of the correct magnitude) in the current epoch of the universe. The conjunction of entropy and gravitation is shown to give rise to a phenomenological model of dark matter, revealing the natural emergence, in galactic and cluster dynamics, of a critical acceleration parameter related to the cosmological constant; the resulting mass profiles are consistent with observations. Unlike ordinary matter, the quanta of the dark sector are shown to obey infinite statistics. This property of dark matter may lead to some non-particle phenomenology and may explain why dark matter particles have not been detected in dark matter search experiments. We also show that there are deep similarities between the problem of “quantum gravity” (more specifically, the holographic spacetime foam) and turbulence.

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Holographic Foam Cosmology: From the Late to the Early Universe

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym13030435 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 435

Author(s):

Yee Jack Ng

Keyword(s):

Black Hole ◽

Dark Energy ◽

Early Universe ◽

Black Hole Physics ◽

Critical Energy ◽

Turbulent Regime ◽

Laminar Regime ◽

Cosmic Inflation ◽

Critical Energy Density ◽

Spacetime Foam

Quantum fluctuations endow spacetime with a foamy texture. The degree of foaminess is dictated by black hole physics to be of the holographic type. Applied to cosmology, the holographic foam model predicts the existence of dark energy with critical energy density in the current (late) universe, the quanta of which obey infinite statistics. Furthermore, we use the deep similarities between turbulence and the spacetime foam phase of strong quantum gravity to argue that the early universe was in a turbulent regime when it underwent a brief cosmic inflation with a “graceful” transition to a laminar regime. In this scenario, both the late and the early cosmic accelerations have their origins in spacetime foam.

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