Extracting the polarizability anisotropy from the transient alignment of HBr

2008 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 064307 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pinkham ◽  
T. Vogt ◽  
R. R. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Polarizability Anisotropy ◽  
Transient Alignment

scholarly journals Electro-Optical Analysis of Cell Viability of Tularemia Microbe Vaccine Strain

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
O. A. Volokh ◽  
S. V. Borisova ◽  
D. N. Bibikov ◽  
E. M. Kuznetsova ◽  
Yu. I. Samokhvalova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Vaccine Strain ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Polarizability Anisotropy ◽  
Vaccine Production ◽  
Optical Analysis ◽  
Bacteriological Method ◽  
Tularemia Vaccine

Objective: to study the possibility of applying electro-optical analysis for the assessment of cell viability of tularemia microbe vaccine strain at different stages of experimental live tularemia vaccine production.Materials and methods. The research object was a cell culture of Francisella tularensis 15 NIIEG.  Investigations were carried out at all stages of experimental live tularemia vaccine (ELTV) manufacturing according to an advanced technology: cultivation, concentrating, diafiltration, mixing with drying media, stabilization, and storage (two-year period of observation). Electro-optical analysis by the parameter “polarizability anisotropy” of bacterial cell was conducted with the help of EloTrace (EloSystems, Germany). Total concentration of cells was evaluated using density metering at 590 nm and spectrometry – at 650 nm. Viability was assessed through inoculation of plates with FT-agar.Results and discussion. The experiment has demonstrated that the change in polarizability anisotropy of the cell at the frequencies of 900 kHz and 2100 kHz, reflecting the state of cytoplasm and cytoplasmic membrane, respectively, is the earliest response to changes in vital indicators of bacterial culture in the process of cultivation. Thereby, the decrease in viability of F. tularensis cells occurrs well before the decrease in cell concentration. We have shown the preservation of viability of F. tularensis 15 NIIEG cells at all stages of experimental live tularemia vaccine production. Electro-optical analysis allows for registering the changes in vital parameters of microorganism cells in real-time mode, while the assessment of viability applying bacteriological method takes up to 5 days. Different stages of tularemia vaccine manufacturing have impact on the vital indicators of F. tularensis cells, and electro-optical analysis is a prospect method of control of such parameter as “Specific activity (the number of live microbial cells)”.

scholarly journals Molecular polarizability anisotropy of cyclopropane

1968 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 2551 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Aroney ◽  
RJW Le Fevre ◽  
W Luttke ◽  
GLD Ritchie ◽  
PJ Stiles
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Polarizability ◽  
Polarizability Anisotropy

scholarly journals The spindle and kinetochore–associated (Ska) complex enhances binding of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) to chromosomes and promotes mitotic exit

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 594-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushama Sivakumar ◽  
John R. Daum ◽  
Aaron R. Tipton ◽  
Susannah Rankin ◽  
Gary J. Gorbsky
Keyword(s):  
Cyclin B1 ◽  
Mitotic Exit ◽  
Anaphase Promoting Complex ◽  
Metaphase Arrest ◽  
Microtubule Attachment ◽  
Anaphase Onset ◽  
Chromosome Alignment ◽  
Partial Degradation ◽  
Interfering Rna ◽  
Transient Alignment

The spindle and kinetochore–associated (Ska) protein complex is a heterotrimeric complex required for timely anaphase onset. The major phenotypes seen after small interfering RNA–mediated depletion of Ska are transient alignment defects followed by metaphase arrest that ultimately results in cohesion fatigue. We find that cells depleted of Ska3 arrest at metaphase with only partial degradation of cyclin B1 and securin. In cells arrested with microtubule drugs, Ska3-depleted cells exhibit slower mitotic exit when the spindle checkpoint is silenced by inhibition of the checkpoint kinase, Mps1, or when cells are forced to exit mitosis downstream of checkpoint silencing by inactivation of Cdk1. These results suggest that in addition to a role in fostering kinetochore–microtubule attachment and chromosome alignment, the Ska complex has functions in promoting anaphase onset. We find that both Ska3 and microtubules promote chromosome association of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). Chromosome-bound APC/C shows significantly stronger ubiquitylation activity than cytoplasmic APC/C. Forced localization of Ska complex to kinetochores, independent of microtubules, results in enhanced accumulation of APC/C on chromosomes and accelerated cyclin B1 degradation during induced mitotic exit. We propose that a Ska-microtubule-kinetochore association promotes APC/C localization to chromosomes, thereby enhancing anaphase onset and mitotic exit.

Bond polarizability anisotropy: Resolution of the sign ambiguity

1987 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Armstrong ◽  
Manuel J. Aroney ◽  
Robin J. H. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Polarizability Anisotropy ◽  
Bond Polarizability
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