Tube Theory for Entangled Linear Polymers: Influence of Different Molecular Mechanisms in Non-Linear Flows

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Dhole ◽  
Adrien Leygue ◽  
Christian Bailly ◽  
Roland Keunings ◽  
Albert Co ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Linear Polymers ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Linear Flows

scholarly journals  ALUminating the Path of Atherosclerosis Progression: Chaos Theory Suggests a Role for Alu Repeats in the Development of Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Hueso ◽  
Josep M Cruzado ◽  
Joan Torras ◽  
Estanis Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Human Genome ◽  
Chaos Theory ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Linear Dynamical Systems ◽  
Alu Elements ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
The Impact

Atherosclerosis (ATH) and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) are chronic inflammatory diseases with an important genetic background which derive from the cumulative effect of multiple common risk alleles, most of them located in genomic non-coding regions. These complex diseases behave as non-linear dynamical systems that show a high dependence on their initial conditions, so that long-term predictions of disease progression are unreliable. One likely possibility is that the non-linear nature of ATH could be dependent on non-linear correlations in the structure of the human genome. In this review we show how Chaos theory analysis highlighted genomic regions that shared specific structural constraints that could have a role in ATH progression. These regions were shown to be enriched in repetitive sequences of the Alu family, genomic parasites which colonized the human genome, which show a particular secondary structure and have been involved in the regulation of gene expression. We also review the impact of Alu elements on the mechanisms that regulate gene expression, especially highlighting the molecular mechanisms by which the Alu elements could alter the inflammatory homeostasis. We devise especial attention to their relationship with the lncRNA ANRIL, the strongest risk factor for ATH, their role as miRNA sponges, and their ability to interfere with the regulatory circuitry of the NF-kB response. We aim to characterize ATH as a non-linear dynamic system in which small initial alterations in the expression of a number of repetitive elements are somehow amplified to reach phenotypic significance.

Non-linear flows in porous media

1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 229-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shijie Liu ◽  
Jacob H. Masliyah
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Flows In Porous Media ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Linear Flows

Probability models in polymer science

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Douglas R. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Linear Polymers ◽  
Polymer Science ◽  
Probability Models ◽  
Soft Contact ◽  
Soft Contact Lenses ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Infinite Networks

Polymeric materials are encountered everywhere: rubber, plastics, paint, soft contact lenses; the list is endless. There are two basic types of polymer, linear and non-linear. The linear polymers can be envisioned as a mass of long spaghetti-like strands. The molecules of non-linear polymers have a branched tree-like structure and can form ‘infinite’ networks. The basic building blocks of polymers are monomers. Monomers have reactive sites: chemical bonds can form between sites on different monomers leading to the formation of many monomers into a large molecule (polymer). If all monomers have one or two reactive sites, linear polymers result. If some of the monomers have three or more reactive sites, a non-linear (branched) molecule results. For many materials the reaction between monomers can be modelled as a random process; thus probability theory is the natural tool for studying polymers.

Synthesis and large scale fractionation of non-linear polymers: brushes and hyperbranched polymers

2002 ◽  
Vol 307-310 ◽  
pp. 765-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Hugenberg ◽  
St Loske ◽  
A.H.E Müller ◽  
W Schärtl ◽  
M Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Hyperbranched Polymers ◽  
Linear Polymers ◽  
Non Linear
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