The Role of The Electron Energy Balance in Plasma Thruster Instabilities

Author(s):  
Z. Peradzyński ◽  
K. Makowski ◽  
S. Barral ◽  
J. Kurzyna ◽  
M. Dudeck ◽  
...  
2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Veselovzorov ◽  
A. A. Pogorelov ◽  
E. B. Svirskiy ◽  
V. A. Smirnov

1977 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 143-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.O. Stenflo

It is well-known that solar activity is basically caused by the Interaction of magnetic fields with convection and solar rotation, resulting in a great variety of dynamic phenomena, like flares, surges, sunspots, prominences, etc. Many conferences have been devoted to solar activity, including the role of magnetic fields. Similar attention has not been paid to the role of magnetic fields for the overall dynamics and energy balance of the solar atmosphere, related to the general problem of chromospheric and coronal heating. To penetrate this problem we have to focus our attention more on the physical conditions in the ‘quiet’ regions than on the conspicuous phenomena in active regions.


Author(s):  
Gandhi M. ◽  
Swaminathan S.

Ghrelin as human natural hormones is involved in fundamental regulatory process of eating and energy balance. It is a stomach derived hormone that acts as at the ghrelin receptor in multiple tissues throughout to the body. Its properties includes increasing appetite, decreasing systemic inflammation, decreasing vascular resistance ,increasing cardiac output, increasing glucose and IGF-1 levels, Hence it may play a significant role in Diabetes mellitus. Many studies have linked ghrelin to obesity and this paper is an attempt to bring out recent findings on the role of ghrelin in Diabetes Mellitus, particularly type2 Diabetes mellitus.


2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Naglaa Y. Nafeh ◽  
Mona A. Said

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron R. Cox ◽  
Natasha Chernis ◽  
Kang Ho Kim ◽  
Peter M. Masschelin ◽  
Pradip K. Saha ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTObjectiveWhite adipose tissue (WAT) expansion regulates energy balance and overall metabolic homeostasis. WAT absence or loss occurring through lipodystrophy and lipoatrophy contributes to the development of dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance. We previously demonstrated the sole small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) E2-conjuguating enzyme Ubc9 represses human adipocyte differentiation. Germline and other tissue-specific deletions of Ubc9 frequently cause lethality in mice. As a result, the role of Ubc9 during WAT development remains unknown.MethodsTo determine how Ubc9 impacts body composition and energy balance, we generated adipocyte-specific Ubc9 knockout mice (Ubc9a-KO). CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing inserted loxP sites flanking exons 3 and 4 at the Ubc9 locus. Subsequent genetic crosses to AdipoQ-Cre transgenic mice allowed deletion of Ubc9 in white and brown adipocytes. We measured multiple metabolic endpoints that describe energy balance and carbohydrate metabolism in Ubc9a-KO and littermate controls during postnatal growth.ResultsTo our surprise, Ubc9a-KO mice developed hyperinsulinemia and hepatic steatosis. Global energy balance defects emerged from dysfunctional WAT marked by pronounced local inflammation, loss of serum adipokines, hepatomegaly, and near absence of major adipose tissue depots. We observed progressive lipoatrophy that commences in the early adolescent period.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that Ubc9 expression in mature adipocytes is essential for maintaining WAT expansion. Deletion of Ubc9 in fat cells compromised and diminished adipocyte function that provoked WAT inflammation and ectopic lipid accumulation in the liver. Our findings reveal an indispensable role for Ubc9 during white adipocyte expansion and endocrine control of energy balance.


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