Determination of the eddy turn-over time in the solar wind

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Bamert ◽  
R. Kallenbach ◽  
M. Hilchenbach ◽  
C. W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Turn Over ◽  
Over Time

ANALYSIS OF POSTPARTUM LACTATIONAL AMENORRHOEA IN RELATION TO BREAST-FEEDING: SOME METHODOLOGICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. LE STRAT ◽  
J. C. THALABARD
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Statistical Modelling ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Precise Determination ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Reproductive Axis ◽  
Discrete Nature ◽  
Programming Skills ◽  
Over Time

A large multicentre epidemiological study was carried out by WHO between 1991 and 1995 to analyse the duration of lactational amenorrhoea in relation to breast-feeding. The main results of this analysis, which used classical statistical modelling, have been already published. However, some specific aspects of the postpartum fertility amenorrhoea and breast-feeding covariates, and more specifically the observed progressive exhaustion of the breast-feeding inhibitory effect on the reproductive axis, may justify a closer look at the validity of the statistical tools. Indeed, as has already been emphasized, analysis of large longitudinal data sets in reproduction often faces three difficulties: (i) the precise determination of the event of interest, (ii) the way to handle the time evolution of both the studied variables and their effect on the event of interest and (iii) the often discrete nature of the data and the associated problem of tied events. The first objective of the present work was to give additional insights into the estimation and quantification of the dynamics of the effect of breast-feeding over time, considering this covariate either as fixed or time-dependent. The second objective was to show how to perform the analyses using corresponding adapted procedures in widely available statistical packages, without the need for acquiring particular programming skills.

Genesis On-board Determination of the Solar Wind Flow Regime

2003 ◽  
pp. 153-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Neugebauer ◽  
J. T. Steinberg ◽  
R. L. Tokar ◽  
B. L. Barraclough ◽  
E. E. Dors ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Flow Regime ◽  
Wind Flow ◽  
Solar Wind Flow

MNVPCS: Multinode Virtual-Point–Based Charging Scheme to Prolong the Lifetime of Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-294
Author(s):  
Hong-Yi Chang ◽  
Zih-Huan Hang ◽  
Yih-Jou Tzang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Charging ◽  
Mobile Wireless ◽  
Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks ◽  
Virtual Point ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Wireless-charging technology can utilize a mobile wireless charging vehicle (WCV) to rescue dying nodes by supplementing their remaining energy, and using WCVs in this way forms wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs). However, a WCV in a WRSN encounters several challenges, collectively called the optimized charging problem. This problem involves a set of sensor nodes randomly distributed on the ground for which the WCV must determine an appropriate travel path to charge the sensor nodes. Because these sensor nodes have different workloads, they exhibit different energy consumption profiles over time. Resolving the above-mentioned problem requires the determination of the priority of charging the sensor nodes based on the order in which they are expected to die and subsequently finding the most efficient path to charge the sensor nodes such that sensor death is avoided for as long as possible. Furthermore, the most efficient placement of the charging point needs to be considered when planning the charging path. To address this, the proposed multinode virtual point-based charging scheme (MNVPCS) considers both the planning of an efficient charging and the best location for the charging point. Experimental results show that MNVPCS can improve the lifetime of the entire WRSN and substantially outperform other methods on this measure.

Determination of the solar wind angular momentum flux from the HELIOS data - an observational test of the Weber and Davis theory

1983 ◽  
Vol 271 ◽  
pp. 335 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Pizzo ◽  
R. Schwenn ◽  
E. Marsch ◽  
H. Rosenbauer ◽  
K.-H. Muehlhaeuser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Momentum Flux ◽  
Observational Test

Navigating Diffuse Jurisdictions

2019 ◽  
pp. 98-120
Author(s):  
Helen Quane
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Legal Pluralism ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
State Law ◽  
System P ◽  
The Status ◽  
Over Time

This chapter studies the jurisdictional boundaries between state and non-state law with specific reference to religious, or customary, law. The determination of these regulatory forms as state law depends on the extent to which they perform prescriptive, adjudicative, or enforcement functions. Indeed, the boundaries between state and non-state law are not as stable as they may appear, as they are liable to shift according to circumstances and over time. The chapter then argues that the issue of classification acquires resonance in cases where legal pluralism occurs as the character and scope of a state’s exercise of jurisdiction becomes far more ambiguous in such situations. This can create uncertainty about the jurisdiction of the respective systems, the status of norms from one system that are given effect in another, and how these norms should be interpreted and applied given their concurrent existence within more than one legal system.

scholarly journals Looking for the FIP Effect in EUV Spectra: Examining the Solar Case

1996 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 511-518
Author(s):  
Bernhard Haisch ◽  
Julia L. R. Saba ◽  
Jean-Paul Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Energetic Particle ◽  
Solar Energetic Particle ◽  
The Sun ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Elemental Abundances ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Abundance Anomalies ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Coronal Structures

Systematic differences between elemental abundances in the corona and in the photosphere have been found in the Sun. The abundance anomalies are correlated with the first ionization potentials (FIP) of the elements. The overall pattern is that low-FIP elements are preferentially enhanced relative to high-FIP elements by about a factor of four; the transition occurs at about 10 eV. This phenomenon has been measured in the solar wind and solar energetic particle composition, and in EUV and X-ray spectra of the corona and flares. The FIP effect should eventually offer valuable clues into the process of heating, ionization and injection of material into coronal and flaring loops for the Sun and other stars. The situation for the Sun is remarkably complex: substantial abundance differences occur between different types of coronal structures, and variations occur over time in the same region and from flare to flare. Anomalies such as enhanced Ne/O ratios, distinctly at odds with the basic FIP pattern, have been reported for some flares. Are the high-FIP elements underabundant or the low-FIP elements overabundant with respect to hydrogen? This issue, which has a significant impact in physical interpretation of coronal spectra, is still a subject of controversy and an area of vigorous research.

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