Nanocrystalline CdS-water-soluble conjugated-polymers: High performance photoelectrochemical cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 90 (26) ◽  
pp. 263503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wonjoo Lee ◽  
Rajaram S. Mane ◽  
Sun-Ki Min ◽  
Tae Hyun Yoon ◽  
Sung-Hwan Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Cells

scholarly journals A thin, deformable, high-performance supercapacitor implant that can be biodegraded and bioabsorbed within an animal body

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. eabe3097
Author(s):  
Hongwei Sheng ◽  
Jingjing Zhou ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Yuhang He ◽  
Xuetao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Medical Electronics ◽  
Thin Structure ◽  
Shed Light

It has been an outstanding challenge to achieve implantable energy modules that are mechanically soft (compatible with soft organs and tissues), have compact form factors, and are biodegradable (present for a desired time frame to power biodegradable, implantable medical electronics). Here, we present a fully biodegradable and bioabsorbable high-performance supercapacitor implant, which is lightweight and has a thin structure, mechanical flexibility, tunable degradation duration, and biocompatibility. The supercapacitor with a high areal capacitance (112.5 mF cm−2 at 1 mA cm−2) and energy density (15.64 μWh cm−2) uses two-dimensional, amorphous molybdenum oxide (MoOx) flakes as electrodes, which are grown in situ on water-soluble Mo foil using a green electrochemical strategy. Biodegradation behaviors and biocompatibility of the associated materials and the supercapacitor implant are systematically studied. Demonstrations of a supercapacitor implant that powers several electronic devices and that is completely degraded after implantation and absorbed in rat body shed light on its potential uses.

scholarly journals Enhanced Water Solubility and Oral Bioavailability of Paclitaxel Crystal Powders through an Innovative Antisolvent Precipitation Process: Antisolvent Crystallization Using Ionic Liquids as Solvent

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qilei Yang ◽  
Chang Zu ◽  
Wengang Li ◽  
Weiwei Wu ◽  
Yunlong Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Bioavailability ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Antisolvent Precipitation ◽  
Antisolvent Crystallization ◽  
Artificial Gastric Juice

Paclitaxel (PTX) is a poor water-soluble antineoplastic drug with significant antitumor activity. However, its low bioavailability is a major obstacle for its biomedical applications. Thus, this experiment is designed to prepare PTX crystal powders through an antisolvent precipitation process using 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (HMImBr) as solvent and water as an antisolvent. The factors influencing saturation solubility of PTX crystal powders in water in water were optimized using a single-factor design. The optimum conditions for the antisolvent precipitation process were as follows: 50 mg/mL concentration of the PTX solution, 25 °C temperature, and 1:7 solvent-to-antisolvent ratio. The PTX crystal powders were characterized via scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, Raman spectroscopy, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, and dissolution and oral bioavailability studies. Results showed that the chemical structure of PTX crystal powders were unchanged; however, precipitation of the crystalline structure changed. The dissolution test showed that the dissolution rate and solubility of PTX crystal powders were nearly 3.21-folds higher compared to raw PTX in water, and 1.27 times higher in artificial gastric juice. Meanwhile, the bioavailability of PTX crystal increased 10.88 times than raw PTX. These results suggested that PTX crystal powders might have potential value to become a new oral PTX formulation with high bioavailability.

Increased Urinary Excretion of Iohexol after Enteral Administration in Patients with Ileal Crohn's Disease

1993 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Halme ◽  
J. Edgren ◽  
K. von Smitten ◽  
H. Linden
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Mucosal Cell

Iohexol is a water-soluble contrast medium that is partly absorbed/permeated through mucosa of the small bowel and excreted unchanged in the urine. Iohexol was administered orally to 12 patients with Crohn's disease of the ileum and to 10 healthy controls to measure its excretion in the urine. The location and activity of Crohn's disease were determined by barium double-contrast radiography in all patients and by ileoscopy and biopsy in 9 patients. Iohexol concentrations in serum and 24-hour urine were measured using reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Urinary excretion of iohexol was significantly greater in patients with active Crohn's disease than in controls. We suggest this method as a new way of measuring Crohn's disease activity and mucosal damage in the small bowel. Bowel inflammation and mucosal cell damage are strongly indicated if the iohexol excreted in the urine is over 1% of the oral intake.

scholarly journals Determination of gangliosides as 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazides by high-performance liquid chromatography

1986 ◽  
Vol 235 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Miyazaki ◽  
N Okamura ◽  
Y Kishimoto ◽  
Y C Lee
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Normal Phase ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Acid System ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Acetylneuraminic Acid ◽  
Chloroform Methanol ◽  
Phase Column

A specific, sensitive and easily performed method for the determination of gangliosides in tissue was developed. After removal of water-soluble compounds, total lipids were extracted from tissue and then treated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine hydrochloride and dicyclohexylcarbodi-imide in dimethylformamide at 0 degrees C to form ganglioside hydrazides. After removal of excess reagents by column chromatography on silicic acid, the ganglioside 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazides were eluted from the column and analysed by h.p.l.c. with the use of a silica-gel normal-phase column eluted with an isocratic chloroform/methanol/water/acetic acid system. The addition of CaCl2 improved the separation of GM3 ganglioside containing N-acetylneuraminic acid from that containing N-glycollylneuraminic acid. 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazide peaks were measured by the absorbance at 342 nm. Quantification of GM3, GM2, GM1, GD1a, GD1b, GT1b and LM1 gangliosides was linear in a range 0.02-1.6 nmol. GM4, GD3, GT1a and GQ1b gangliosides also yielded distinct peaks, although the range of linearity was not examined. This method was applied to the analysis of the total lipids of rat brain and hepatocytes.

Novel Silafluorene-Based Conjugated Polymers with Pendant Acceptor Groups for High Performance Solar Cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 5262-5268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhui Duan ◽  
Wanzhu Cai ◽  
Fei Huang ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Ming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
High Performance

scholarly journals Sol–Gel Processing of Water-Soluble Carbon Nitride Enables High-Performance Photoanodes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Adler ◽  
Igor Krivtsov ◽  
Dariusz Mitoraj ◽  
Lucía dos Santos-Gómez ◽  
Santiago García-Granda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Matter ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Free Films ◽  
Gel Processing

In spite of the enormous promise that polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) materials hold for photoelectrochemical (PEC) applications, the fabrication of high-quality PCN photoelectrodes has been a largely elusive goal to date. Here we tackle this challenge by devising, for the first time, a sol–gel approach that enables facile preparation of photoanodes based on poly(heptazine imide) (PHI), a polymer belonging to the PCN family. The sol–gel process capitalizes on the use of a water-soluble PHI precursor composed of nanosized (~10 nm) particles that allows formation of a non-covalent hydrogel. The hydrogel can be deposited on a conductive substrate resulting in formation of mechanically stable porous polymeric thin layers (~400 nm), in contrast to the commonly obtained loosely attached thick particulate coatings. The resulting photoanodes exhibit unprecedented PEC performance in methanol reforming in neutral pH electrolytes with photocurrents of up to 177±27 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> (1 sun illumination) and 320±40 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> (2 sun illumination) at 1.23 V vs. RHE, maintaining such high photocurrents even down to ~0 V vs. RHE. These parameters permit effective operation even without any external electric bias, as demonstrated by bias-free photoreforming of methanol and glycerol, and highly selective (~100%) photooxidation of 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol (4-MBA). The robust binder-free films derived from sol–gel processing of water-soluble PCN thus represent a new paradigm for high-performance ‘soft-matter’ photoelectrocatalytic systems, and pave the way for further applications in which high-quality PCN films are required.

scholarly journals Novel Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Water-Soluble Polysaccharides from Jasmine Tea

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2375
Author(s):  
Yayuan Tang ◽  
Jinfeng Sheng ◽  
Xuemei He ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
Zhen Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Galacturonic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Helical Structure ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Jasmine Tea

There have been few studies dealing with chemical elucidation and pharmacological potentials of water-soluble polysaccharides from jasmine tea, limiting their use in functional foods. In this study, water-soluble polysaccharides (named as JSP) were extracted from Jasminum sambac (L.) Aiton tea and fractionated to afford two sub-fractions (JSP-1 and JSP-2). The main structural characteristics of novel JSP sub-fractions were determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Physiologically, the abilities of JSP-1 and JSP-2 to reduce ferric ions, scavenge DPPH and hydroxyl radicals, as well as protect islet cells were confirmed in vitro. JSP-1 exhibited better antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities than JSP-2. The molecular weights of JSP-1 and JSP-2 were 18.4 kDa and 14.1 kDa, respectively. JSP-1 was made up of glucose, galactose, rhamnose, xylose, arabinose, and galacturonic acid with molar ratios 1.14:4.69:1.00:9.92:13.79:4.09, whereas JSP-2 with a triple helical structure was composed of galactose, rhamnose, xylose, arabinose, and galacturonic acid as 3.80:1.00:8.27:11.85:5.05 of molar ratios. JSP-1 contains →1)-α-Galƒ-(3→, →1)-α-Galƒ-(2→, →1)-α-Araƒ-(5→, →1)-α-Araƒ-(3→, →1)-α-Araƒ-(3,5→, →1)-β-Xylp-(2→ and →1)-β-Xylp-(3→ residues in the backbone. These results open up new pharmacological prospects for the water-soluble polysaccharides extracted from jasmine tea.

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