Avalanche Photodiode Structure for Photon Counting on Si0.6Ge0.4 Epitaxial Layer

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Blažej ◽  
Dominik Chren ◽  
Helmar Frank ◽  
Karel Hamal ◽  
Ivan Procházka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epitaxial Layer ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Avalanche Photodiode

scholarly journals Small All-Range Lidar for Asteroid and Comet Core Missions

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3081
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Sun ◽  
Daniel R. Cremons ◽  
Erwan Mazarico ◽  
Guangning Yang ◽  
James B. Abshire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Lasers ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Avalanche Photodiode ◽  
Integration Time ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Linear Mode ◽  
Internal Gain ◽  
Pseudo Noise

We report the development of a new type of space lidar specifically designed for missions to small planetary bodies for both topographic mapping and support of sample collection or landing. The instrument is designed to have a wide dynamic range with several operation modes for different mission phases. The laser transmitter consists of a fiber laser that is intensity modulated with a return-to-zero pseudo-noise (RZPN) code. The receiver detects the coded pulse-train by correlating the detected signal with the RZPN kernel. Unlike regular pseudo noise (PN) lidars, the RZPN kernel is set to zero outside laser firing windows, which removes most of the background noise over the receiver integration time. This technique enables the use of low peak-power but high pulse-rate lasers, such as fiber lasers, for long-distance ranging without aliasing. The laser power and the internal gain of the detector can both be adjusted to give a wide measurement dynamic range. The laser modulation code pattern can also be reconfigured in orbit to optimize measurements to different measurement environments. The receiver uses a multi-pixel linear mode photon-counting HgCdTe avalanche photodiode (APD) array with near quantum limited sensitivity at near to mid infrared wavelengths where many fiber lasers and diode lasers operate. The instrument is modular and versatile and can be built mostly with components developed by the optical communication industry.

Hybrid avalanche photodiode ranging and photon-counting altimeter

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Dierickx ◽  
S. Bellis ◽  
N. Witvrouwen ◽  
B. Dupont ◽  
A. Defernez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photon Counting ◽  
Avalanche Photodiode

A Miniaturized, No-Moving-Parts Raman Spectrometer

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Neil Lewis ◽  
Patrick J. Treado ◽  
Ira W. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Laser Excitation ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Avalanche Photodiode ◽  
Tunable Filter ◽  
Instrument Design ◽  
Laboratory Notebook ◽  
Raman Spectrometer ◽  
Digitally Controlled ◽  
Moving Parts

A solid-state acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) is combined with krypton laser excitation (647 nm), holographic Raman filters, and photon-counting silicon avalanche photodiode (APD) detection to construct a miniaturized Raman spectrometer with no moving parts. The physically compact AOTF and the highly integrated APD provide a rugged, digitally controlled spectrometer of moderate spectral resolution and with a footprint comparable in size to a laboratory notebook. Instrument design details are considered and representative spectra are reported. Potential areas of application for this prototype Raman spectrometer are also discussed.

An avalanche photodiode photon counting camera for high-resolution astronomy

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Ryan ◽  
Mike Redfern ◽  
Andrew Shearer
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Avalanche Photodiode

Photon-Counting Monolithic Avalanche Photodiode Arrays for the Super Collider

1994 ◽  
pp. 375-380
Author(s):  
A. Nadeem Ishaque ◽  
Donald E. Castleberry ◽  
Henri M. Rougeot
Keyword(s):  
Photon Counting ◽  
Avalanche Photodiode ◽  
Photodiode Arrays

Demonstration of 4H-SiC UV single photon counting avalanche photodiode

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Xin ◽  
F. Yan ◽  
P. Alexandrove ◽  
X. Sun ◽  
C.M. Stahle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
Avalanche Photodiode ◽  
Single Photon Counting

Three-dimensional imaging laser radar with a photon-counting avalanche photodiode array and microchip laser

2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (36) ◽  
pp. 7671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius A. Albota ◽  
Richard M. Heinrichs ◽  
David G. Kocher ◽  
Daniel G. Fouche ◽  
Brian E. Player ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photon Counting ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Avalanche Photodiode ◽  
Microchip Laser ◽  
Laser Radar ◽  
Three Dimensional Imaging ◽  
Photodiode Array
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