scholarly journals A measurement of electron-wall interactions using transmission diffraction from nanofabricated gratings

2006 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 074322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett Barwick ◽  
Glen Gronniger ◽  
Lu Yuan ◽  
Sy-Hwang Liou ◽  
Herman Batelaan
Keyword(s):  
Wall Interactions

Convergence of the Rosenau-Korteweg-de Vries Equation to the Korteweg-de Vries One

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Maria Coclite ◽  
Lorenzo di Ruvo
Keyword(s):  
A Priori Estimates ◽  
Vries Equation ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Diffusion Parameter ◽  
Priori Estimates ◽  
De Vries ◽  
Wall Interactions

The Rosenau-Korteweg-de Vries equation describes the wave-wave and wave-wall interactions. In this paper, we prove that, as the diffusion parameter is near zero, it coincides with the Korteweg-de Vries equation. The proof relies on deriving suitable a priori estimates together with an application of the Aubin-Lions Lemma.

scholarly journals Numerical Modeling of Sperm Swimming

Fluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Fang-Bao Tian ◽  
Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Computational Studies ◽  
Theoretical Methods ◽  
Structure Interaction ◽  
Sperm Density ◽  
Fluid Environment ◽  
Complex Fluid ◽  
Fluid Rheology ◽  
Wall Interactions ◽  
Open Issues

Due to rising human infertility, sperm motility has been an important subject. Among the hundreds of millions of sperms on the journey up the oviducts, only a few excellent travelers will reach the eggs. This journey is affected by many factors, some of which include sperm quality, sperm density, fluid rheology and chemotaxis. In addition, the sperm swimming through different body tracks and fluids involves complex sperm flagellar, complex fluid environment, and multi-sperm and sperm-wall interactions. Therefore, this topic has generated substantial research interest. In this paper, we present a review of computational studies on sperm swimming from an engineering perspective with focus on both simplified theoretical methods and fluid–structure interaction methods. Several open issues in this field are highlighted.

Platelet-vessel wall interactions: Implication of 5-hydroxytryptamine. A review

1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 612-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Clerck ◽  
J. M. Nueten ◽  
R. S. Reneman
Keyword(s):  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Wall Interactions

Turbulent flame-wall interactions for flames diluted by hot combustion products

2021 ◽  
Vol 230 ◽  
pp. 111432
Author(s):  
Bin Jiang ◽  
Davy Brouzet ◽  
Mohsen Talei ◽  
Robert L. Gordon ◽  
Quentin Cazeres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Turbulent Flame ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Wall Interactions

Effects of ovariectomy on aggregation, secretion, and metalloproteinases in porcine platelets

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (5) ◽  
pp. H1679-H1685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muthuvel Jayachandran ◽  
Whyte G. Owen ◽  
Virginia M. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Atp Release ◽  
Ovarian Hormones ◽  
Reticulated Platelets ◽  
Tissue Inhibitors Of Metalloproteinase ◽  
Atp Secretion ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Wall Interactions ◽  
Expression And Activity

Differences in the aggregation and release of growth factors including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) after loss of ovarian hormones could contribute to an exaggerated response to injury in arteries of ovariectomized animals. Therefore, experiments were designed to compare aggregation, dense granular ATP release, expression of MMPs (MMP-2, MMP-9, and MMP-14) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2) in circulating platelets from sexually mature (7 mo old) gonadally intact and ovariectomized (4 wk) female pigs. Numbers of circulating platelets did not change after ovariectomy, but the percentage of reticulated platelets increased significantly. Platelet aggregation and dense granular ATP secretion also increased significantly with ovariectomy. In platelet lysates, active MMP-2 increased, whereas MMP-14 significantly decreased, after ovariectomy; the expression of TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and P-selectin did not change. These results suggest that platelet turnover, aggregation, and ATP secretion increase with ovariectomy. Also, ovarian hormones selectively regulate the expression and activity of MMPs in porcine platelets. Increased platelet aggregation and activity of MMP-2 would alter platelet-platelet and platelet-vessel wall interactions, contributing to an exaggerated response to injury with loss of ovarian hormones.

Endothelial glycocalyx thickness and platelet-vessel wall interactions during atherogenesis

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 939-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjam oude Egbrink ◽  
Viviane Heijnen ◽  
Remco Megens ◽  
Wim Engels ◽  
Hans Vink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Endothelial Glycocalyx ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Common Carotid Arteries ◽  
Wall Interactions

SummaryThe endothelial glycocalyx (EG), the luminal cover of endothelial cells, is considered to be atheroprotective. During atherogenesis, platelets adhere to the vessel wall, possibly triggered by simultaneous EG modulation. It was the objective of this study to investigate both EG thickness and platelet-vessel wall interactions during atherogenesis in the same experimental model. Intravital fluorescence microscopy was used to study platelet-vessel wall interactions in vivo in common carotid arteries and bifurcations of C57bl6/J (B6) and apolipoprotein E knock-out (ApoE-/-) mice (age 7 – 31 weeks). At the same locations, EG thickness was determined ex vivo using two-photon laser scanning microscopy. In ApoE-/- bifurcations the overall median level of adhesion was 48 platelets/mm2 (interquartile range: 16 – 80), which was significantly higher than in B6 bifurcations (0 (0 – 16), p = 0.001). This difference appeared to result from a significant age-dependent increase in ApoE-/- mice, while no such change was observed in B6 mice. At the same time, the EG in ApoE-/- bifurcations was significantly thinner than in B6 bifurcations (2.2 vs. 2.5 μm, respectively; p < 0.05). This resulted from the fact that in B6 bifurcations EG thickness increased with age (from 2.4 μm in young mice to 3.0 μm in aged ones), while in bifurcations of ApoE-/- mice this growth appeared to be absent (2.2 μm at all ages). During atherogenesis, platelet adhesion to the wall of the carotid artery bifurcation increases significantly. At the same location, EG growth with age is hampered. Therefore, glycocalyx-reinforcing strategies could possibly ameliorate atherosclerosis.

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