A combined explicit-implicit method for high accuracy reaction path integration

2006 ◽  
Vol 124 (22) ◽  
pp. 224102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven K. Burger ◽  
Weitao Yang
2010 ◽  
Vol 133 (22) ◽  
pp. 224101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hrant P. Hratchian ◽  
Michael J. Frisch ◽  
H. Bernhard Schlegel

Author(s):  
M. Nishigaki ◽  
S. Katagiri ◽  
H. Kimura ◽  
B. Tadano

The high voltage electron microscope has many advantageous features in comparison with the ordinary electron microscope. They are a higher penetrating efficiency of the electron, low chromatic aberration, high accuracy of the selected area diffraction and so on. Thus, the high voltage electron microscope becomes an indispensable instrument for the metallurgical, polymer and biological specimen studies. The application of the instrument involves today not only basic research but routine survey in the various fields. Particularly for the latter purpose, the performance, maintenance and reliability of the microscope should be same as those of commercial ones. The authors completed a 500 kV electron microscope in 1964 and a 1,000 kV one in 1966 taking these points into consideration. The construction of our 1,000 kV electron microscope is described below.


Author(s):  
G. M. Michal

Several TEM investigations have attempted to correlate the structural characteristics to the unusual shape memory effect in NiTi, the consensus being the essence of the memory effect is ostensible manifest in the structure of NiTi transforming martensitic- ally from a B2 ordered lattice to a low temperature monoclinic phase. Commensurate with the low symmetry of the martensite phase, many variants may form from the B2 lattice explaining the very complex transformed microstructure. The microstructure may also be complicated by the enhanced formation of oxide or hydride phases and precipitation of intermetallic compounds by electron beam exposure. Variants are typically found in selfaccommodation groups with members of a group internally twinned and the twins themselves are often observed to be internally twinned. Often the most salient feature of a group of variants is their close clustering around a given orientation. Analysis of such orientation relationships may be a key to determining the nature of the reaction path that gives the transformation its apparently perfect reversibility.


2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Chen ◽  
Timothy P. McNamara ◽  
Jonathan W. Kelly
Keyword(s):  

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoang Irene Wan ◽  
Ranxiao Frances Wang ◽  
James A. Crowell

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