scholarly journals Three-dimensional force microscope: A nanometric optical tracking and magnetic manipulation system for the biomedical sciences

2005 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 053711 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Fisher ◽  
J. R. Cummings ◽  
K. V. Desai ◽  
L. Vicci ◽  
B. Wilde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optical Tracking ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Magnetic Manipulation ◽  
Manipulation System

Three-Dimensional Magnetic Manipulation of Micro- and Nanostructures for Applications in Life Sciences

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Schuerle ◽  
Sandro Erni ◽  
Maarten Flink ◽  
Bradley E. Kratochvil ◽  
Bradley J. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Life Sciences ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Magnetic Manipulation

Multiscale imaging of the rat brain using an integrated diceCT and histology workflow

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Gignac ◽  
Haley D. O’Brien ◽  
Jimena Sanchez ◽  
Dolores Vazquez Sanroman
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Cresyl Violet ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Computed Tomography Scanning ◽  
Neural Tissues

Abstract Advancements in tissue visualization techniques have spurred significant gains in the biomedical sciences by enabling researchers to integrate their datasets across anatomical scales. Of particular import are techniques that enable the interpolation of multiple hierarchical scales in samples taken from the same individuals. This study demonstrates that two-dimensional histology techniques can be employed on neural tissues following three-dimensional diffusible iodine-based contrast-enhanced computed tomography (diceCT) without causing tissue degradation. This represents the first step toward a multiscale pipeline for brain visualization. We studied brains from adolescent male Sprague-Dawley rats, comparing experimental (diceCT-stained then de-stained) to control (without diceCT) brains to evaluate neural tissues for immunolabeling integrity, compare somata sizes, and distinguish neurons from glial cells within the telencephalon and diencephalon. We hypothesized that if experimental and control samples do not differ significantly in quantitative metrics, brain tissues are robust to the chemical, temperature, and radiation environments required for these multiple, successive imaging protocols. Visualizations for experimental brains were first captured via micro-computed tomography scanning of isolated, iodine-infused specimens. Samples were then cleared of iodine, serially sectioned, and prepared again using immunofluorescent, fluorescent, and cresyl violet labeling, followed by imaging with confocal and light microscopy, respectively. Our results show that many neural targets are resilient to diceCT imaging and compatible with downstream histological staining as part of a low-cost, multiscale brain imaging pipeline.

INTRA- AND INTER-EXAMINER RELIABILITY OFIN VIVOTHREE-DIMENSIONAL MEASUREMENT OF THE SCAPULAR POSES USING A MARKER-BASED LOCATOR

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850001
Author(s):  
Mei-Ying Kuo ◽  
Shih-Wun Hong ◽  
Jia-Da Li ◽  
Tung-Wu Lu ◽  
Horng-Chaung Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Tracking System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optical Tracking ◽  
Optical Tracking System ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Reliability Models ◽  
Scapular Kinematics ◽  
Dimensional Measurement ◽  
Shoulder Flexion ◽  
Shoulder Complex

Accurate measurement of the three-dimensional scapular kinematics is essential for a better understanding of the mechanical interactions between the scapula and the other segments of the shoulder complex. The purposes of the study were: (i) to development a marker-based scapular locator for measuring scapular poses, and (ii) to determine the intra- and inter-rater reliability of the locator in terms of intra-class correlations (ICC). Twenty-two healthy volunteers without shoulder pathologies participated in the current study. Each subject was tested separately by two raters using the marker-based scapular locator while performing static shoulder flexion at 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 degrees in the scapular plane. Two reliability models, ICC[Formula: see text] and ICC[Formula: see text], were used to analyze the intra- and inter-rater reliability for scapular rotations and translations. Good to excellent intra-user reliability for both examiners was found for the scapular rotations (range: 0.82–0.99) and displacements (range: 0.72–0.99) for different shoulder flexion conditions. Good to excellent inter-rater reliability was found for scapular rotations (range: 0.63–0.95) and translations (range: 0.70–0.95) for all conditions. The results showed that high intra- and inter-examiner reliability could be achieved for scapular rotations and translation using the marker-based scapular locator. The proposed new scapular locator with an optical tracking system will be helpful for future applications in basic and clinical studies of the shoulder complex during arm movements.

Robust and adaptive control of three dimensional revolute-jointed cooperative manipulators for handling automation

Robotica ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-172
Author(s):  
Hürvet Sarikaya ◽  
Recep Burkan ◽  
İbrahim Uzmay
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Control ◽  
Robust Control ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Uncertain Systems ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structural Flexibility ◽  
Adaptive Law ◽  
Guaranteed Stability ◽  
Manipulation System ◽  
Adaptive Control Algorithm

This paper presents a study of the application of adaptive and robust control methods to a cooperative manipulation system which is developed for handling an object by three dimensional revolute-jointed manipulators. The adaptive control algorithm supports the parameter adaptive law that provides guaranteed stability for uncertain systems. In designing the robust control structure, contact and friction constraints for grasp and bearing conditions, structural flexibility or such similar factors as various unmodeled dynamics are considered as uncertainties that determine available values of control parameters. The novelty of results in the present paper is to define new control inputs using parametric uncertainties and the Lyapunov based theory of guaranteed stability of uncertain systems for handling objects in a spatial workspace.

Three-dimensional Nanorobotic Manipulations of Carbon Nanotubes

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixin Dong ◽  
◽  
Fumihito Arai ◽  
Toshio Fukuda ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Flexural Rigidity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Intermolecular Forces ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Manipulation System ◽  
Afm Cantilever ◽  
End Effectors

A nanorobotic manipulation system with 10 degreesof-freedom (DOFs) is presented and applied in 3-D manipulation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by controlling intermolecular forces. Manipulators are actuated with PicomotorsTM (New Focus Inc.) for coarse motions and PZTs for fine ones, and operated inside a scanning electronic microscope (SEM). Resolutions of manipulators are better than 30nm (linear) and 2mrad (rotary) for coarse motions, and within nanoorder for fine ones. Atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilevers are used as end-effectors, and van der Waals forces between them and objects are controlled by applying dielectrophoresis. Individual multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) have been picked up on an AFM cantilever, placed between two cantilevers, and bent between a cantilever and sample substrate. As basic building blocks for more complex nanostructures and devices, CNT-junctions are constructed. A cross-junction was constructed with two MWNTs (∼ø40nm × 6μm and ∼ø50nm ö 7μm), and a T-junction was made of two MWNTs (∼ø40nm × 3μm and ∼ø50nm × 2μm). A kink junction is formed by bending an MWNT (∼ø40nm × 6μm) over its elastic limit for 20 times. Force measurements are performed and the flexural rigidity and Young's Modulus of an ∼ø30nm ∼7μm MWNT are estimated in situ to be 8.641 × 10-20Nm2 and 2.17TPa. Such manipulations are essential for both the property characterization of CNTs and the fabrication of functional nanosystems.

Dynamic, three-dimensional optical tracking of an ablative laser beam

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven C. Gebhart ◽  
E. Duco Jansen ◽  
Robert L. Galloway
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optical Tracking ◽  
Ablative Laser
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