Open Problems On Space Physics In The Light Of Recent International Space Missions

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hervé de Feraudy
Keyword(s):  
Space Missions ◽  
Space Physics ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
International Space

scholarly journals Challenges for a Sustainable Food Production System on Board of the International Space Station: A Technical Review

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 687
Author(s):  
Petronia Carillo ◽  
Biagio Morrone ◽  
Giovanna Marta Fusco ◽  
Stefania De Pascale ◽  
Youssef Rouphael
Keyword(s):  
International Space Station ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Space Missions ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
International Space ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Fresh Food ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Lighting Systems

The possibility of prolonging space missions—and consequently the permanence of humans in space—depends on the possibility of providing them with an adequate supply of fresh foods to meet their nutritional requirements. This would allow space travelers to mitigate health risks associated with exposure to space radiation, microgravity and psychological stress. In this review, we attempt to critically summarize existing studies with the aim of suggesting possible solutions to overcome the challenges to develop a bio-regenerative life support system (BLSS) that can contribute to life support, supplying food and O2, while removing CO2 on the International Space Station (ISS). We describe the physical constraints and energy requirements for ISS farming in relation to space and energy resources, the problems related to lighting systems and criteria for selecting plants suitable for farming in space and microgravity. Clearly, the dimensions of a growth hardware that can be placed on ISS do not allow to produce enough fresh food to supplement the stored, packaged diet of astronauts; however, experimentation on ISS is pivotal for implementing plant growth systems and paves the way for the next long-duration space missions, including those in cis-lunar space and to the lunar surface.

scholarly journals Problems of the Pc1 magnetospheric wave theory. A review

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Анатолий Гульельми ◽  
Anatol Guglielmi ◽  
Александр Потапов ◽  
Alexander Potapov
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Wave Theory ◽  
Space Physics ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
Ultralow Frequency ◽  
Near Earth Space ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
New Ideas

The Pc1 ultralow-frequency electromagnetic waves (frequency range 0.2–5 Hz), also known as pearl necklace, are a unique phenomenon in near-Earth space physics. Many properties of pearls remain a mystery, despite the research of prominent cosmophysicists for more than half a century. In the proposed review, we briefly outline the main points of the so-called standard model, which is widely used to interpret Pc1. Next, we focus on the criticism of the standard model and on the identification of open problems in the Pc1 theory. The general conclusion is that it is necessary to develop new ideas outside the framework of the standard model in order to understand the processes of excitation and propagation of Pc1 waves in Earth’s magnetosphere.

scholarly journals Chemiluminescence-based biosensor for monitoring astronauts’ health status during space missions: Results from the International Space Station

2019 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 260-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Zangheri ◽  
Mara Mirasoli ◽  
Massimo Guardigli ◽  
Fabio Di Nardo ◽  
Laura Anfossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
International Space Station ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Space Missions ◽  
International Space

scholarly journals Study of the impact of long-duration space missions at the International Space Station on the astronaut microbiome

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Voorhies ◽  
C. Mark Ott ◽  
Satish Mehta ◽  
Duane L. Pierson ◽  
Brian E. Crucian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Space Station ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Space Missions ◽  
International Space ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Characterization ofAspergillus nigerIsolated from the International Space Station

mSystems ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian Romsdahl ◽  
Adriana Blachowicz ◽  
Abby J. Chiang ◽  
Nitin Singh ◽  
Jason E. Stajich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Space Station ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Strain Analysis ◽  
Space Missions ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Content Type ◽  
International Space ◽  
Closed Systems

ABSTRACTThe initial characterization of theAspergillus nigerisolate JSC-093350089, collected from U.S. segment surfaces of the International Space Station (ISS), is reported, along with a comparison to the extensively studied strain ATCC 1015. Whole-genome sequencing of the ISS isolate enabled its phylogenetic placement within theA. niger/welwitschiae/lacticoffeatusclade and revealed that the genome of JSC-093350089 is within the observed genetic variance of other sequencedA. nigerstrains. The ISS isolate exhibited an increased rate of growth and pigment distribution compared to a terrestrial strain. Analysis of the isolate’s proteome revealed significant differences in the molecular phenotype of JSC-093350089, including increased abundance of proteins involved in theA. nigerstarvation response, oxidative stress resistance, cell wall modulation, and nutrient acquisition. Together, these data reveal the existence of a distinct strain ofA. nigeron board the ISS and provide insight into the characteristics of melanized fungal species inhabiting spacecraft environments.IMPORTANCEA thorough understanding of how fungi respond and adapt to the various stimuli encountered during spaceflight presents many economic benefits and is imperative for the health of crew. AsA. nigeris a predominant ISS isolate frequently detected in built environments, studies ofA. nigerstrains inhabiting closed systems may reveal information fundamental to the success of long-duration space missions. This investigation provides valuable insights into the adaptive mechanisms of fungi in extreme environments as well as countermeasures to eradicate unfavorable microbes. Further, it enhances understanding of host-microbe interactions in closed systems, which can help NASA’s Human Research Program maintain a habitat healthy for crew during long-term manned space missions.

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