Electrical modification in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin films by chemical bath deposition process of CdS films

2005 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 053701 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-S. Jiang ◽  
R. Noufi ◽  
K. Ramanathan ◽  
H. R. Moutinho ◽  
M. M. Al-Jassim
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Chemical Bath Deposition ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Cds Films

COMPARISON OF CdS AND ZnS THIN FILMS PREPARED BY CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (03) ◽  
pp. 469-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
QI LIU ◽  
GUOBING MAO
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Chemical Bath Deposition ◽  
Optical Transmission ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Transmission Measurement ◽  
Rate Determining Step ◽  
Cds Thin Film ◽  
Cds Film ◽  
Cds Films

In this paper, we reported a comparative study of process and structural characterization of cadmium sulfide ( CdS ) and zinc sulfide ( ZnS ) thin films by chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique. Their deposition process is similar which clearly shows three different growth phases, a none-film one, a quasi-linear one, and a saturation one. And the growth rate of CBD- CdS is higher than that of CBD- ZnS . Through calculating the activation energy of reaction, we can conclude that the rate determining step of CBD- CdS in the deposition process is a chemical one, in contrast with the CBD- ZnS in which the determining step can be a diffusion step. The XRD analysis of the as-deposited films shows that the CBD- CdS films present cubic and hexagonal mixed structure and CBD- ZnS films are in cubic ZnS structure. The deposition time significantly influenced the crystal structure of CdS thin film. Transmission measurement shows that when the wavelength is below 500 nm, the optical transmission of CBD- ZnS film is higher than that of CBD- CdS film. Optical transmission of both CBD- ZnS and CBD- CdS films is about 90% when the wavelength is over 600 nm. The band gap (Eg) value of CBD- CdS is about 2.41 eV and that of CBD- ZnS is about 3.51 eV.

Effect of Ammonium Acetate Concentration on the Structural and Optical Properties of CdS Thin Film Grown by Chemical Bath Deposition Technique

MRS Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (37) ◽  
pp. 2603-2616
Author(s):  
Hamda A. Al-Thani ◽  
Abeer A. Al Yafeai ◽  
Falah S. Hasoon
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Chemical Bath Deposition ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cadmium Acetate ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Cds Thin Films ◽  
Cds Films

ABSTRACTThis study focuses on understanding the influence of incorporating Ammonium Acetate into the chemical bath used for the deposition of CdS thin films, on its optical, morphology, and microstructural properties. Thus, CdS thin films were deposited on 1” × 2” microscopic glass substrates using chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique. The deposition process was carried out in a double jacket beaker with fixed chemical bath temperature of 90°C for a deposition time of 40 min. The chemical bath solution consisted of fixed concentrations of Cadmium Acetate, Thiourea, and Ammonium Hydroxide; with corresponding values of 4.8×10-4M; 0.97×10-4M; and 0.2M, respectively. However, Ammonium Acetate was incorporated into the deposition bath with concentrations that were varied from 3.0 mM to 12.2 mM. Meanwhile, for comparison purposes associated to the initial physical and chemical properties of the CdS films; reference CdS films were deposited under the same above chemical bath conditions, but in the absence of Ammonium Acetate. The pH of the chemical bath was measured during the deposition process. The films’ morphology and the chemical composition were examined by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), and the Energy Dispersive spectrometer (EDS), respectively. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) θ/2θ technique was applied to study the structure of the films, including the lattice parameters. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) was used to examine the films topography and to determine the root-mean-square (RMS) surface roughness of the films as well as the grain size. Dektak Surface Profilometer was used to determine the CdS films’ thickness, where the films’ optical properties were measured using UV-Vis-NIR spectrometer. Optical energy band gap (Eg), and absorption coefficient (α) were calculated from the transmission spectral data.

New Approaches to Chemical Bath Deposition of Chalcogenides

1999 ◽  
Vol 606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul O’brien ◽  
Markus R. Heinrich ◽  
David J. Otway ◽  
Odile Robbe ◽  
Alexander Bayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Chemical Bath Deposition ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Heated Substrate ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Optoelectronic Applications ◽  
Cds Films

AbstractWe have been studying new approaches to conventional Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) of chalcogenide containing materials, using continuous circulation and replenishment of CBD solution over a heated substrate. Crystalline thin films produced by this method offer potential for use in solar cell devices or other optoelectronic applications. Films of CdS, ZnS and the ternary material CdxZn1−xS have been deposited on TO-glass substrates. In this paper we demonstrate our approach for the deposition of CdS films. These have been characterized by XPS, SEM, XRD and UV/vis spectroscopy and shown to be good quality. The films have been used to fabricate Au/CdTe/CdS/TO-glass solar cells of efficiency 10.1% under AMl.5 illumination.

Optical properties and layer microstructure of CdS films obtained from an ammonia-free chemical bath deposition process

2007 ◽  
Vol 515 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 3356-3362 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G. Sandoval-Paz ◽  
M. Sotelo-Lerma ◽  
A. Mendoza-Galvan ◽  
R. Ramírez-Bon
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Chemical Bath Deposition ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Cds Films

Cd1−xZnxS thin films with low Zn content obtained by an ammonia-free chemical bath deposition process

2013 ◽  
Vol 548 ◽  
pp. 270-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Carreón-Moncada ◽  
L.A. González ◽  
M.I. Pech-Canul ◽  
R. Ramírez-Bon
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Chemical Bath Deposition ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Zn Content

Photoconductive CdS Films by a Chemical Bath Deposition Process

1977 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 743-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. R. Pavaskar ◽  
C. A. Menezes ◽  
A. P. B. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Bath Deposition ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Cds Films

scholarly journals Effects of Deposition Time on the Chemical Bath-deposited CuS Thin Films

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 2-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Anuar ◽  
W. T. Tan ◽  
N. Saravanan ◽  
L. K. Khor ◽  
S. M. Ho
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Chemical Bath Deposition ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Deposition Time ◽  
Sodium Thiosulfate ◽  
Deposition Process ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
Oxide Glass ◽  
Glass Substrates

The chemical bath deposition technique was used to deposit thin films of coppersulphide onto indium tin oxide glass substrates. The bath composition included copperchloride which was the source of Cu2+ and sodium thiosulfate which supplied the S2- ions. Xraydiffraction and atomic force microscopy were used to investigate structural andmorphological characterization, respectively. The influence of deposition time was studiedto determine the optimum condition for deposition process. The deposited CuS films showedhexagonal structure. The number of peaks attributable to CuS increased as the depositiontime was increased to 16 hours based on XRD data. AFM images revealed that the chemicalbath-deposited films for 16 hours showed more homogeneous and uniform compared withother deposition times, and the highest absorbance value was obtained for the filmsdeposited at this period. The band gap energy decreased from 2.9 to 2.45 eV when thedeposition time was increased from 8 to 20 hours.Keywords: Chemical bath deposition, copper sulphide, thin films, solar cells.DOI: 10.3126/jncs.v25i0.3276Journal of Nepal Chemical Society Volume 25, 2010 pp 2-8

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