New All-Electrical Measurement Schemes Can Detect the Spin State of a Single Electron

Physics Today ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 22-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Spin State ◽  
Electrical Measurement ◽  
Single Electron

Bell States, Bell Operators, and Total Teleportation

2001 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. DelRe ◽  
B. Crosignani ◽  
P. Di Porto
Keyword(s):  
Spin State ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Bell States ◽  
Single Electron ◽  
Experimental Implementation ◽  
Physical Quantities

Abstract We identify the operators and the corresponding physical quantities whose measurement allows in principle to obtain total teleportation of the unknown spin state of a single electron. We introduce an analogous scheme for a single photon and discuss its experimental implementation.

OSCILLATING CANTILEVER-DRIVEN ADIABATIC REVERSALS IN A PARAMAGNETIC ATOM WITH THE HYPERFINE INTERACTION

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (05) ◽  
pp. 1250058
Author(s):  
SRINIVASA K. C. CHEMUDUPATI ◽  
VLADIMIR I. TSIFRINOVICH
Keyword(s):  
Electron Spin ◽  
Spin State ◽  
Nuclear Spin ◽  
Single Electron ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Magnetic Noise ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopy ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Nuclear Spin System ◽  
Spin Detection

We have verified theoretically, an opportunity for the measurement of a nuclear spin state in a paramagnetic atom with oscillating cantilever-driven adiabatic reversals (OSCAR) technique in magnetic resonance force microscopy (MRFM), which has been applied for a single electron spin detection. We have developed a semi-classical approach, where the electron–nuclear spin system is treated as a quantum mechanical one while the motion of a ferromagnetic particle on the cantilever tip is considered classically. Our computations support the idea of the measurement of a nuclear spin state by detection of a single electron spin. The effect of magnetic noise is also discussed.

Evaluation of single-electron movies of glutamine synthetase molecules

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 280-281
Author(s):  
W. Kunath ◽  
E. Zeitler ◽  
M. Kessel
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Electron Irradiation ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Single Electron ◽  
Continuous Series ◽  
Digital Recording ◽  
Recording Device ◽  
Low Exposure

The features of digital recording of a continuous series (movie) of singleelectron TV frames are reported. The technique is used to investigate structural changes in negatively stained glutamine synthetase molecules (GS) during electron irradiation and, as an ultimate goal, to look for the molecules' “undamaged” structure, say, after a 1 e/Å2 dose.The TV frame of fig. la shows an image of 5 glutamine synthetase molecules exposed to 1/150 e/Å2. Every single electron is recorded as a unit signal in a 256 ×256 field. The extremely low exposure of a single TV frame as dictated by the single-electron recording device including the electron microscope requires accumulation of 150 TV frames into one frame (fig. lb) thus achieving a reasonable compromise between the conflicting aspects of exposure time per frame of 3 sec. vs. object drift of less than 1 Å, and exposure per frame of 1 e/Å2 vs. rate of structural damage.

Single-electron sensitivity with a lens-coupled CCD camera

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 642-643
Author(s):  
G.Y. Fan ◽  
Bruce Mrosko ◽  
Mark H. Ellisman
Keyword(s):  
Focal Length ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Single Electron ◽  
Bottom Flange ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Red Phosphor ◽  
Ccd Detector ◽  
Lens Assembly ◽  
Efficient Coupling

A lens coupled CCD camera showing single electron sensitivity has been built for TEM applications. The design is illustrated in Fig. 1. The bottom flange of a JEM-4000EX microscope is replaced by a special flange which carries a large rectangular leaded glass window, 22 mm thick. A 20 μm thick layer of red phosphor is coated on the window, and the entire window is sputter-coated with a thin layer of Au/Pt. A two-lens relay system is used to provide efficient coupling between the image on the phosphor scintillator and the CCD imager. An f1.0 lens (Goerz optical) with front focal length 71.6 mm is used as the collector. A mirror prism, of the Amici type, is used to "bend" the optical path by 90° to prevent X-rays which may penetrate the leaded glass from hitting the CCD detector. Images may be relayed directly to the camera (1:1) or demagnified by a factor of up to 3:1 by moving the lens assembly.

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