Multidimensional density operator propagations in open systems: Model studies on vibrational relaxations and surface sticking processes

2004 ◽  
Vol 121 (19) ◽  
pp. 9283-9296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Cattarius ◽  
Hans-Dieter Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Density Operator ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Systems Model

A Systems Approach to Effectiveness in Catholic Elementary Schools: A Replication and Extension

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 789-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxanne M. Mitchell ◽  
C. John Tarter
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
School Performance ◽  
School Effectiveness ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
School Outcomes ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Individual Culture ◽  
Systems Model

This study replicated an earlier study conducted by Tarter and Hoy (2004) in which an open systems model was used to test a series of hypotheses that explained elements of school performance. Four internal system elements (structure, individual, culture, and politics) of the school were used to explain two sets of school outcomes (student achievement and teachers’ assessment of overall school effectiveness) in a sample of 110 Catholic elementary schools in one Northeastern city. Correlational and multiple regression analyses were used to test the relationships. The results of this study further confirmed the usefulness of this model in understanding the factors that contribute to quality in elementary schools.

scholarly journals Development and Piloting the MMMM Ecological Interactive Open Systems Model: A Prospective One-Year Treatment Outcome of Children of Tortured Refugees

Psychology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 06 (10) ◽  
pp. 1277-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim A. Kira ◽  
Linda Lewandowski ◽  
Jeffery S. Ashby ◽  
Andrea Z. Omidy
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
Systems Model ◽  
One Year

scholarly journals Guardians of public interest: the expectation and experience of non-executive directors in National Health Service commissioning boards in England

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joy Tweed ◽  
Louise M. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
National Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
National Health ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
Executive Directors ◽  
Goal Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Systems Model

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to examine how Non-Executive Directors (NEDs) in the English National Health Service (NHS) commissioning bodies experienced their role and contribution to governance.Design/methodology/approachSemi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 31 NEDs of Primary Care Trusts (PCTs) and 8 Clinical Commissioning Group (CCG) NEDs. Framework analysis was applied using a conceptualisation of governance developed by Newman, which has four models of governance: the hierarchy, self-governance, open systems and rational goal model.FindingsNEDs saw themselves as guardians of the public interest. NEDs’ power is a product of the explicit levers set out in the constitution of the board, but also how they choose to use their knowledge and expertise to influence decisions for, as they see it, the public good. They contribute to governance by holding to account executive and professional colleagues, acting largely within the rational goal model. CCG NEDs felt less powerful than in those in PCTs, operating largely in conformance and representational roles, even though government policy appears to be moving towards a more networked, open systems model.Originality/valueThis is the first in-depth study of NEDs in English NHS local commissioning bodies. It is of value in helping to inform how the NED role could be enhanced to make a wider contribution to healthcare leadership as new systems are established in the UK and beyond.

ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Diels-Alder Reactions of Cyclopentadiene Systems: Model Studies for the Total Synthesis of the Capnellenes.

ChemInform ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (35) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. HELLOU ◽  
G. BERUBE ◽  
M. J. NEWLANDS ◽  
A. G. FALLIS ◽  
E. J. GABE
Keyword(s):  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Systems Model

Leading change for success: embracing resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Nadim ◽  
Parbudyal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Organizational Survival ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Open Systems Theory ◽  
Systems Model ◽  
Scant Attention

Purpose Organizational change is one of the most researched issues in management and leadership. Change is generally viewed as necessary, with positive outcomes for all stakeholders. Resistance is consequently seen as a surprising outcome. However, much of the management literature focuses on change as organizational dynamics-driven, especially by those at the top, in the interests of those at the top, often with scant attention to the role of employees. The purpose of this paper is to take a different perspective, grounded in the systems theory. Design/methodology/approach This is a conceptual paper. The authors critically examine theoretical explanations of resistance to change in organizations and offer an alternative perspective. Findings Systems theorists have addressed change, and its necessity in organizational survival, using an open systems model. The open systems theory posits that organizations are social systems that have purposes of their own and is made of parts (employees) that are purposeful and operate within a purposeful larger system – the environment (stakeholders). Change that ignores a key part – employees – will be resisted. Originality/value Using the systems theory, the authors propose several suggestions for organizational leaders and managers to implement sustainable change. These include, among others, recommendations on circular organizational designs, the need for more democratic organizations, purposeful leadership styles and how to include employees in proactive organizational change processes.

An Open Systems Model of Local Government Forecasting

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 476-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Reitano
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Open Systems ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Forecast Accuracy ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Systems Model ◽  
Financial Uncertainty ◽  
Information Set

Local governments use single source forecasts to inform decision making, which can constrain their ability to prepare for and respond to financial uncertainty. This unique context may have increased the challenges faced by governments at the local level through economic downturns such as the Great Recession. Given this concern, which has yet to be addressed in the literature, this article develops an open systems model of local government forecast accuracy, which can be tested across any type of local government. This article tests the model with a panel of special purpose governments at the local level, specifically school districts in Pennsylvania, from 2003 through 2013. Estimation of the model with longitudinal analysis shows that government forecasters at the local level consider internal and external factors when forecasting own-source and intergovernmental revenue streams. In particular, a mix of institutional, financial, and political factors are associated with forecast accuracy. Forecasters at the local level also considered the role of economic shocks, as evidenced by decreased expectations for own-source revenue through the Great Recession. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that they consider a complex and multifaceted information set, which includes both internal and external determinant factors of forecast accuracy at the local level. These factors can prove critical to increasing forecast accuracy in context of the financial uncertainty experienced through the Great Recession.

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