Hydrometer‐Type Float Method for Measuring Surface and Interfacial Tensions

1942 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Vonnegut
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tensions ◽  
Float Method ◽  
Measuring Surface

scholarly journals On the calculation of surface tension from measurements of pendant drops

1948 ◽  
Vol 194 (1036) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Interfacial Tensions ◽  
Measuring Surface ◽  
Pendant Drops

The calculations presented are an extension of the work of Bashforth & Adams (1883) to give the shapes of pendant drops of liquids for values of β from — 0.25 to — 0.6 at intervals of 0.025. The results have been used to calculate, to an accuracy of 0.001 to 0.01 %, the constants needed for measuring surface and interfacial tensions by the method suggested by Andreas, Hauser & Tucker (1938), which has thus been made independent of calibration.

Sphere tensiometry: an evaluation and critique

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 969-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Huh ◽  
S. G. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Simultaneous Measurement ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Sphere Surface ◽  
Interfacial Tensions ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements ◽  
Measuring Surface ◽  
The Difference

An absolute gravimetric method of measuring surface and interfacial tensions of liquids by pulling a sphere through the interface is examined. The method also permits simultaneous measurement of the contact angle of the liquid on the sphere surface; this enables corrections to be made for incomplete wetting of the solid by liquids in measuring the interfacial tension, a feature which the conventional ring and plate methods lack. Simultaneous measurements of the interfacial tension and the difference in phase densities across the interface are in principle also possible. Preliminary experimental results are presented, and the advantages and disadvantages of the method are critically discussed.

Advantages and limitations of the grooved Wilhelmy plate

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1789 ◽  
Author(s):  
HM Princen
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Correction Factor ◽  
Capillary Condensation ◽  
Vapour Phase ◽  
Alternative Procedure ◽  
Interfacial Tensions ◽  
Measuring Surface ◽  
Wilhelmy Plate

A detailed analysis has been made of the grooved Wilhelmy plate as an instrument for measuring surface and interfacial tensions. It is shown, on the assumption of V-shaped vertical grooves, that the method can lead to errors if the weight of the dry plate is used as the reference force. In practical cases the error can be of the order of 1%. Quantitative expressions are given for the correction factor to be employed. It is also shown that no correction factor is required, providing one takes as the reference force the weight of the plate after it has come to equilibrium with the vapour phase, and capillary condensation of vapour in the grooves has taken place. This equilibrium will not readily be realized in practice, and an alternative procedure is proposed which utilizes the weight of the plate after it is detached from the liquid. The conclusions may also apply, at least semi-quantitatively, to randomly roughened, rather than regularly grooved, plates.

Synthesis and Interfacial Tensions of Sodiump-Dimethyl Dodecylbenzene Sulfonates

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changming Zhao ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Tiexin Cheng ◽  
Wensheng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tensions

Case Studies in Atomic Force Probe Analysis

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randal Mulder ◽  
Sam Subramanian ◽  
Tony Chrastecky
Keyword(s):  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Logic Circuits ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Measuring Surface ◽  
Analysis Environment

Abstract The use of atomic force probe (AFP) analysis in the analysis of semiconductor devices is expanding from its initial purpose of solely characterizing CMOS transistors at the contact level with a parametric analyzer. Other uses found for the AFP include the full electrical characterization of failing SRAM bit cells, current contrast imaging of SOI transistors, measuring surface roughness, the probing of metallization layers to measure leakages, and use with other tools, such as light emission, to quickly localize and identify defects in logic circuits. This paper presents several case studies in regards to these activities and their results. These case studies demonstrate the versatility of the AFP. The needs and demands of the failure analysis environment have quickly expanded its use. These expanded capabilities make the AFP more valuable for the failure analysis community.

scholarly journals Experimental determination of reflectance spectra of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) in the Scotia Sea

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Anna Belcher ◽  
Sophie Fielding ◽  
Andrew Gray ◽  
Lauren Biermann ◽  
Gabriele Stowasser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Krill ◽  
Euphausia Superba ◽  
Reflectance Spectra ◽  
Spectral Signature ◽  
Absorption Feature ◽  
Scotia Sea ◽  
Surface Ocean ◽  
Measuring Surface ◽  
Ground Truthing

Abstract Antarctic krill are the dominant metazoan in the Southern Ocean in terms of biomass; however, their wide and patchy distribution means that estimates of their biomass are still uncertain. Most currently employed methods do not sample the upper surface layers, yet historical records indicate that large surface swarms can change the water colour. Ocean colour satellites are able to measure the surface ocean synoptically and should theoretically provide a means for detecting and measuring surface krill swarms. Before we can assess the feasibility of remote detection, more must be known about the reflectance spectra of krill. Here, we measure the reflectance spectral signature of Antarctic krill collected in situ from the Scotia Sea and compare it to that of in situ water. Using a spectroradiometer, we measure a strong absorption feature between 500 and 550 nm, which corresponds to the pigment astaxanthin, and high reflectance in the 600–700 nm range due to the krill's red colouration. We find that the spectra of seawater containing krill is significantly different from seawater only. We conclude that it is tractable to detect high-density swarms of krill remotely using platforms such as optical satellites and unmanned aerial vehicles, and further steps to carry out ground-truthing campaigns are now warranted.

Effect of number of oxypropylene on dynamic interfacial tensions of extended surfactants

2019 ◽  
Vol 570 ◽  
pp. 429-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengdie Lv ◽  
Cong Luo ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Yawen Zhou ◽  
Changyao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tensions ◽  
Extended Surfactants

Lateral actuation of an organic droplet on conjugated polymer electrodes via imbalanced interfacial tensions

Soft Matter ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (33) ◽  
pp. 6902-6909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Xu ◽  
Jian Xu ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Ye Tian ◽  
Chang-Hwan Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugated Polymer ◽  
Interfacial Tensions ◽  
Polymer Electrodes

Optical-heterodyne method for measuring surface strain

1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 234-237
Author(s):  
T. Watanabe ◽  
K. Iwata ◽  
R. Nagata
Keyword(s):  
Surface Strain ◽  
Optical Heterodyne ◽  
Heterodyne Method ◽  
Measuring Surface
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document