A Quasi-Symmetric Contact Formulation For 3D Problems. Application To Prediction Of Tool Deformation In Forging

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lionel Fourment
Keyword(s):  
Contact Formulation

A Study of the Lateral Stability of Railroad Vehicles Using a Nonlinear Constrained Multibody Formulation

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Valtorta ◽  
Khaled E. Zaazaa ◽  
Ahmed A. Shabana ◽  
Jalil R. Sany
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Linear Stability ◽  
Linear Theory ◽  
Linear Stability Analysis ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Lateral Stability ◽  
Railroad Vehicles ◽  
Contact Formulation ◽  
The Stability

Abstract The lateral stability of railroad vehicles travelling on tangent tracks is one of the important problems that has been the subject of extensive research since the nineteenth century. Early detailed studies of this problem in the twentieth century are the work of Carter and Rocard on the stability of locomotives. The linear theory for the lateral stability analysis has been extensively used in the past and can give good results under certain operating conditions. In this paper, the results obtained using a linear stability analysis are compared with the results obtained using a general nonlinear multibody methodology. In the linear stability analysis, the sources of the instability are investigated using Liapunov’s linear theory and the eigenvalue analysis for a simple wheelset model on a tangent track. The effects of the stiffness of the primary and secondary suspensions on the stability results are investigated. The results obtained for the simple model using the linear approach are compared with the results obtained using a new nonlinear multibody based constrained wheel/rail contact formulation. This comparative numerical study can be used to validate the use of the constrained wheel/rail contact formulation in the study of lateral stability. Similar studies can be used in the future to define the limitations of the linear theory under general operating conditions.

scholarly journals An Efficient Contact Model for the Simulation of Cargo Airdrop Extraction Phase

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Leiming Ning ◽  
Jichang Chen ◽  
Mingbo Tong
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Rigid Bodies ◽  
Contact Dynamics ◽  
Moving Frame ◽  
Contact Friction ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Contact Formulation ◽  
Efficient Code ◽  
Extraction Phase

A high-fidelity cargo airdrop simulation requires the accurate modeling of the contact dynamics between an aircraft and its cargo. This paper presents a general and efficient contact-friction model for the simulation of aircraft-cargo coupling dynamics during an airdrop extraction phase. The proposed approach has the same essence as the finite element node-to-segment contact formulation, which leads to a flexible, straightforward, and efficient code implementation. The formulation is developed under an arbitrary moving frame with both aircraft and cargo treated as general six degrees-of-freedom rigid bodies, thus eliminating the restrictions of lateral symmetric assumptions in most existing methods. Moreover, the aircraft-cargo coupling algorithm is discussed in detail, and some practical implementation details are presented. The accuracy and capability of the present method are demonstrated through four numerical examples with increasing complexity and fidelity.

scholarly journals Fully-coupled micro–macro finite element simulations of the Nakajima test using parallel computational homogenization

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 1153-1178
Author(s):  
Axel Klawonn ◽  
Martin Lanser ◽  
Oliver Rheinbach ◽  
Matthias Uran
Keyword(s):  
Computing Time ◽  
Homogenization Method ◽  
Computational Homogenization ◽  
Forming Limit ◽  
Contact Conditions ◽  
Blank Holder ◽  
Macroscopic Level ◽  
Contact Formulation ◽  
Balancing Domain Decomposition ◽  
Nakajima Test

AbstractThe Nakajima test is a well-known material test from the steel and metal industry to determine the forming limit of sheet metal. It is demonstrated how FE2TI, our highly parallel scalable implementation of the computational homogenization method FE$$^2$$ 2 , can be used for the simulation of the Nakajima test. In this test, a sample sheet geometry is clamped between a blank holder and a die. Then, a hemispherical punch is driven into the specimen until material failure occurs. For the simulation of the Nakajima test, our software package FE2TI has been enhanced with a frictionless contact formulation on the macroscopic level using the penalty method. The appropriate choice of suitable boundary conditions as well as the influence of symmetry assumptions regarding the symmetric test setup are discussed. In order to be able to solve larger macroscopic problems more efficiently, the balancing domain decomposition by constraints (BDDC) approach has been implemented on the macroscopic level as an alternative to a sparse direct solver. To improve the computational efficiency of FE2TI even further, additionally, an adaptive load step approach has been implemented and different extrapolation strategies are compared. Both strategies yield a significant reduction of the overall computing time. Furthermore, a strategy to dynamically increase the penalty parameter is presented which allows to resolve the contact conditions more accurately without increasing the overall computing time too much. Numerically computed forming limit diagrams based on virtual Nakajima tests are presented.

Use of ANCF Surface Geometry in the Rigid Body Contact Problems: Application to Railroad Vehicle Dynamics

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin B. Hamper ◽  
Cheng Wei ◽  
Ahmed A. Shabana
Keyword(s):  
Rigid Body ◽  
Thin Plate ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Spatial Derivative ◽  
Plate Element ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Body Contact ◽  
First Order ◽  
Contact Formulation ◽  
Railroad Vehicle

In the analysis of multibody system (MBS) dynamics, contact between two arbitrary rigid bodies is a fundamental feature in a variety of models. Many procedures have been proposed to solve the rigid body contact problem, most of which belong to one of the two categories: offline and online contact search methods. This investigation will focus on the development of a contact surface model for the rigid body contact problem in the case where an online three-dimensional nonconformal contact evaluation procedure, such as the elastic contact formulation—algebraic equations (ECF-A), is used. It is shown that the contact surface must have continuity in the second-order spatial derivatives when used in conjunction with ECF-A. Many of the existing surface models rely on direct linear interpolation of profile curves, which leads to first-order spatial derivative discontinuities. This, in turn, leads to erroneous spikes in the prediction of contact forces. To this end, an absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) thin plate surface model is developed in order to ensure second-order spatial derivative continuity to satisfy the requirements of the contact formulation used. A simple example of a railroad vehicle negotiating a turnout, which includes a variable cross-section rail, is tested for the cases of the new ANCF thin plate element surface, an existing ANCF thin plate element surface with first-order spatial derivative continuity, and the direct linear profile interpolation method. A comparison of the numerical results reveals the benefits of using the new ANCF surface geometry developed in this investigation.

An Investigation of the Impacts of Contact Parameters on Wear Coefficient

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Janakiraman ◽  
S. Li ◽  
A. Kahraman
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Point Contact ◽  
Viscosity Coefficient ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Wear Coefficient ◽  
Wear Process ◽  
Contact Formulation ◽  
Model Combining ◽  
Roughness Amplitude ◽  
Disk Rolling

In this study, the wear depths under different loads, speeds, lubricant temperatures, and surface roughness amplitudes are experimentally determined using a twin-disk rolling contact setup. A point contact wear model combining a contact formulation and Archard's wear equation in an iterative manner is developed to simulate the wear process of the experiments. By matching the measured and predicted wear profiles, the wear coefficients under different operating and surface conditions are determined. It is found that the wear coefficient increases when either the load or the surface roughness amplitude increases and decreases as the lubricant pressure-viscosity coefficient increases. Within the operating ranges considered, it is observed that the lubricant pressure-viscosity coefficient is the most influential parameter on wear, the load has the least impact, and the surface roughness amplitude is in between. Lastly, a regression formula is given for the estimation of Archard's wear coefficient.

Effect of Contact between the Crack Faces on Crack Propagation

2013 ◽  
Vol 577-578 ◽  
pp. 61-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Dhondt
Keyword(s):  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Propagation Speed ◽  
Crack Propagation Rate ◽  
Propagation Rate ◽  
Contact Conditions ◽  
Contact Formulation ◽  
Positive Mode ◽  
Crack Propagation Speed ◽  
Crack Faces ◽  
Realistic Prediction

In mixed-mode crack propagation the crack faces frequently touch each other. The ensuing friction is expected to decrease the crack propagation speed. This effect is usually not taken into account, however, a realistic prediction of this effect may increase the calculated life and consequently increase the length of the inspection intervals. In this paper, penalty contact conditions are introduced in between the crack faces of the automatically generated mesh in a cyclic crack propagation. Special attention is given to the contact formulation and the area in which contact is defined. It is shown that the resulting crack propagation rate is significantly reduced by the introduction of friction provided that positive Mode-I is not significantly involved.

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