The Electric Conductivity of Weak Electrolytes and Ampholytes at High Electric Field Strengths

1950 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1664-1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Blüh ◽  
F. Terentiuk
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
High Electric Field ◽  
Weak Electrolytes ◽  
Field Strengths

Field-induced ionization of excited luminescent centers at high electric field strengths

1997 ◽  
Vol 72-74 ◽  
pp. 112-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhidong Lou ◽  
Zheng Xu ◽  
Feng Teng ◽  
Xurong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
High Electric Field ◽  
Luminescent Centers ◽  
Field Strengths

Extremely high electric field strengths in non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis

2001 ◽  
Vol 916 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 89-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Palonen ◽  
Matti Jussila ◽  
Simo P Porras ◽  
Tuulia Hyötyläinen ◽  
Marja-Liisa Riekkola
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
High Electric Field ◽  
Field Strengths

Electric Field Strength Dependent Electric Conductivity in Highly Insulating Materials

2006 ◽  
Vol 514-516 ◽  
pp. 920-924
Author(s):  
Eugen R. Neagu ◽  
José N. Marat-Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Insulating Materials ◽  
Excess Electrons ◽  
The Mean ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Field Strengths ◽  
Trapped Charge

The electric conductivity σ in highly insulating materials is determined by the equilibrium thermally generated carriers and by the injected carriers. The injected excess electrons will dominate the thermally generated electrons when the total number of injected electrons substantially exceeds the total number of initially empty electron traps existing in the material. Under these circumstances the electrical charge transport mechanism is no longer ohmic. In order to analyze the dependence of σ upon injected/trapped charge, isothermal and non-isothermal currents in Teflon FEP have been investigated at various temperatures, field strengths, in a vacuum or in ambient air conditions. At temperatures below 413 K, for charging times longer than about 10 s but shorter than about 600 s, the electric conductivity is almost electrical field strengths independent proving that the injected charge plays a minor role. For these conditions the charge is mostly trapped in superficial traps. At higher temperatures σ is field dependent. The final thermally stimulate discharge current has a peak around 500 K with a mean apparent activation energy around 1.35 eV. For a well conditioned sample the peak current is strongly dependent on the charging electric field and on the mean trapping depth of the injected charge. The relaxation time of the trapped charge is around 106 s at 523 K, proving that the injected charge is very stable, a fact of significant importance for applications.

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