Calcium Tungstate: Czochralski Growth, Perfection, and Substitution

1962 ◽  
Vol 33 (10) ◽  
pp. 3064-3073 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nassau ◽  
A. M. Broyer
Keyword(s):  
Czochralski Growth ◽  
Calcium Tungstate

Optimization of the Czochralski Growth Process for Calcium Tungstate Detector Crystals

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 269-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. Ciemniak ◽  
C. Coppi ◽  
A. Erb ◽  
F. von Feilitzsch ◽  
A. Gütlein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Process ◽  
Czochralski Growth ◽  
Calcium Tungstate

TEM characterization of silicon epitaxial layer grown on Si-TaS2, eutectic composites

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 802-803
Author(s):  
C.M. Sung ◽  
M. Levinson ◽  
M. Tabasky ◽  
K. Ostreicher ◽  
B.M. Ditchek
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Bulk Sample ◽  
Surface Cleaning ◽  
Native Oxide ◽  
Czochralski Growth ◽  
Ion Milling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cleaning Methods ◽  
Field Emission Cathodes

Directionally solidified Si/TaSi2 eutectic composites for the development of electronic devices (e.g. photodiodes and field-emission cathodes) were made using a Czochralski growth technique. High quality epitaxial growth of silicon on the eutectic composite substrates requires a clean silicon substrate surface prior to the growth process. Hence a preepitaxial surface cleaning step is highly desirable. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of surface cleaning methods on the epilayer/substrate interface and the characterization of silicon epilayers grown on Si/TaSi2 substrates by TEM.Wafers were cut normal to the <111> growth axis of the silicon matrix from an approximately 1 cm diameter Si/TaSi2 composite boule. Four pre-treatments were employed to remove native oxide and other contaminants: 1) No treatment, 2) HF only; 3) HC1 only; and 4) both HF and HCl. The cross-sectional specimens for TEM study were prepared by cutting the bulk sample into sheets perpendicular to the TaSi2 fiber axes. The material was then prepared in the usual manner to produce samples having a thickness of 10μm. The final step was ion milling in Ar+ until breakthrough occurred. The TEM samples were then analyzed at 120 keV using the Philips EM400T.

Dynamical aspects of Czochralski growth of alkali halides

1977 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 503-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th. Hangleiter ◽  
J.M. Spaeth
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Halides ◽  
Czochralski Growth
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