Order—Disorder Phenomena. IV. Ultrasonic Attenuation near the Lambda Point in Ammonium Chloride

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 3678-3681 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Garland ◽  
C. F. Yarnell
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Ultrasonic Attenuation ◽  
Lambda Point

Elastic Constants of Ammonium Chloride near the Lambda Point

1963 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 2874-2880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl W. Garland ◽  
Joseph S. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Elastic Constants ◽  
Lambda Point

Ultrasonic Attenuation in Ammonium Chloride

1965 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 4194-4199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl W. Garland ◽  
Joseph S. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Ultrasonic Attenuation

ULTRASONIC ATTENUATION DUE TO ZENER RELAXATION IN SINGLE-CRYSTAL PALLADIUM HYDRIDE

1983 ◽  
Vol 44 (C9) ◽  
pp. C9-419-C9-424
Author(s):  
R. G. Leisure ◽  
T. Kanashiro ◽  
P. C. Riedi ◽  
D. K. Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Ultrasonic Attenuation ◽  
Palladium Hydride

ALDOSTERONE STIMULATION IN VITRO

1965 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürg Müller
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Incubation Medium ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ammonium Ions ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Urine Extract ◽  
Similar Dose ◽  
Aldosterone Production

ABSTRACT An extract of human urine, which was previously shown to stimulate aldosterone production by rat adrenal sections, was further purified. Evidence was obtained that its aldosterone-stimulating effect was due to the presence of ammonium ions. Addition of ammonium chloride and of urine extract to the incubation medium caused identical increases in aldosterone production in vitro. In addition to ammonium ions, rubidium and caesium ions also stimulated aldosterone production up to 250% that of control values without a significant effect on corticosterone production. Similar dose-response curves were obtained when increasing concentrations of potassium, ammonium, rubidium and caesium ions were tested. Aldosterone production was maximal at concentrations of 7 mval/1 and was significantly lower at higher concentrations. When ammonium chloride and ACTH were simultaneously added to the incubation medium, the production of aldosterone and of corticosterone was lower than with ACTH alone. On the other hand, the stimulating activity on aldosterone and corticosterone production by »TPN« (NADP) and glucose-6-phosphate was enhanced by the simultaneous addition of ammonium chloride.

Heat Transfer Enhancement in Separation Process of Ethanol from Ethanol Water Mixture by Using Surfactants

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Acharya Anil Ramchandra ◽  
R. Kadam ◽  
A. T. Pise
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Transfer Enhancement ◽  
Surface Tension Reduction ◽  
Surface Active Agents ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Time Required

Here the investigations are done while distillation of ethanol-water mixture for separating ethanol from fermentation process. Focus is to study reduction in time required and hence saving in energy for the distillation process of ethanol-water mixture under the influence of surface-active agents (Surfactants). This novelty is from observation of these surfactants to enhance heat transfer rate because of surface tension reduction in aqueous solutions. SDS (Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate), NH4Cl (Ammonium Chloride) and SLBS (Sodium lauryl benzene sulphonate) surfactants in different concentration are experimented. The concentration of these surfactant is varied from 1700 ppm to 2800 ppm. This range is decided by observing critical micelle concentration of used surfactants. Results showed that time is reduced and hence energy consumption is also reduced. Results shown by NH4Cl are found to be more useful as it is ecofriendly surfactant which is not affecting ethanol-water mixture. Use of ammonium chloride as surfactant in distillation is actually useful to reduce energy without hampering the quality of process is the novelty of this work.

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