Square‐Wave Phase Modulation in Ramsey‐Type Molecular Beam Resonance Experiments

1967 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1826-1830 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Kukolich ◽  
K. W. Billman
Keyword(s):  
Phase Modulation ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Square Wave ◽  
Wave Phase ◽  
Ramsey Type

A novel digital active homodyne demodulation scheme based on square-wave phase modulation for interferometric fiber-optic sensors

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiujuan Feng ◽  
Chunxi Zhang ◽  
Sheng Liang ◽  
Chuansheng Li ◽  
Chaoyang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Modulation ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Fiber Optic Sensors ◽  
Square Wave ◽  
Wave Phase

Pulse Noise Characteristics of Dual Optical Path of Integrated Optical Waveguide Gyro Using Triangle Wave Phase Modulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-384
Author(s):  
郑永秋 ZHENG Yong-qiu ◽  
张清 ZHANG Qing ◽  
张成飞 ZHANG Cheng-fei ◽  
陈佳敏 CHEN Jia-min
Keyword(s):  
Optical Waveguide ◽  
Phase Modulation ◽  
Optical Path ◽  
Pulse Noise ◽  
Wave Phase ◽  
Noise Characteristics ◽  
Integrated Optical ◽  
Integrated Optical Waveguide

Resonator fiber optic gyro using the triangle wave phase modulation technique

2008 ◽  
Vol 281 (4) ◽  
pp. 580-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diqing Ying ◽  
Huilian Ma ◽  
Zhonghe Jin
Keyword(s):  
Phase Modulation ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Fiber Optic Gyro ◽  
Modulation Technique ◽  
Wave Phase

Transient response of a resonator fiber optic gyro with triangular wave phase modulation

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (32) ◽  
pp. 6253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huilian Ma ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Mucheng Li ◽  
Zhonghe Jin
Keyword(s):  
Transient Response ◽  
Phase Modulation ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Fiber Optic Gyro ◽  
Triangular Wave ◽  
Wave Phase

Analysis of Kerr effect in resonator fiber optic gyros with triangular wave phase modulation

2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 529 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ying ◽  
M. S. Demokan ◽  
X. Zhang ◽  
W. Jin
Keyword(s):  
Kerr Effect ◽  
Phase Modulation ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Triangular Wave ◽  
Wave Phase

Performance of a resonator-based interferometric fiber-optic gyroscope under the square wave phase bias modulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 102711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuenan Zhang ◽  
Yundong Zhang ◽  
Yulong Gai ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Xiaoqi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Fiber Optic Gyroscope ◽  
Square Wave ◽  
Wave Phase ◽  
Phase Bias

Self-Referencing Intensity Measurements Based on Square-Wave Gated Phase-Modulation Fluorimetry

2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 532-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Rowe ◽  
Sing Po Chan ◽  
J. N. Demas ◽  
B. A. DeGraff
Keyword(s):  
Phase Modulation ◽  
Excitation Source ◽  
Dual Emission ◽  
Signal Ratio ◽  
Square Wave ◽  
Intensity Measurements ◽  
Digital Integration ◽  
Pyridinedicarboxylic Acid ◽  
Intensity Changes ◽  
Good Agreement

An adaptation of square-wave gated phase-modulation (GPM) fluorimetry allows for self-referenced intensity measurements without the complexity of dual excitation or dual emission wavelengths. This AC technique utilizes square-wave excitation, gated detection, a reference emitter, and a sensor molecule. The theory and experimental data demonstrating the effectiveness and advantages of the adapted GPM scheme are presented. One component must have an extremely short lifetime relative to the other. Both components are affected identically by changes in intensity of the excitation source, but the sensor intensity also depends on the concentration of the analyte. The fluctuations of the excitation source and any optical transmission changes are eliminated by ratioing the sensor emission to the reference emission. As the concentration of the analyte changes, the corresponding sensor intensity changes can be quantified through several schemes including digitization of the signal and digital integration or AC methods. To measure pH, digital methods are used with Na3[Tb(dpa)3] (dpa = 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid) as the long-lived reference molecule and fluorescein as the short-lived sensor molecule. Measurements from the adapted GPM scheme are directly compared to conventional ratiometric measurements. Good agreement between the data collection methods is demonstrated through the apparent pKa. For the adapted GPM measurements, conventional measurements, and a global fit the apparent pKa values agree within less than 2%. A key element of the adapted GPM method is its insensitivity to fluctuations in the source intensity. For a roughly 8-fold change in the excitation intensity, the signal ratio changes by less than 3%.

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