Further Applications of the Domain Theory of Liquid Water: I. Surface Tension of Light and Heavy Water; II. Dielectric Constant of Lower Aliphatic Alcohols

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 2231-2234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mu Shik Jhon ◽  
E. R. Van Artsdalen ◽  
Joseph Grosh ◽  
Henry Eyring
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Heavy Water ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Aliphatic Alcohols ◽  
Domain Theory

Electrohydrodynamic stability: Taylor–Melcher theory for a liquid bridge suspended in a dielectric gas

2002 ◽  
Vol 452 ◽  
pp. 163-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. BURCHAM ◽  
D. A. SAVILLE
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Liquid Bridge ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Specific Conductivity ◽  
Axisymmetric Deformation ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Theory And Experiment

A liquid bridge is a column of liquid, pinned at each end. Here we analyse the stability of a bridge pinned between planar electrodes held at different potentials and surrounded by a non-conducting, dielectric gas. In the absence of electric fields, surface tension destabilizes bridges with aspect ratios (length/diameter) greater than π. Here we describe how electrical forces counteract surface tension, using a linearized model. When the liquid is treated as an Ohmic conductor, the specific conductivity level is irrelevant and only the dielectric properties of the bridge and the surrounding gas are involved. Fourier series and a biharmonic, biorthogonal set of Papkovich–Fadle functions are used to formulate an eigenvalue problem. Numerical solutions disclose that the most unstable axisymmetric deformation is antisymmetric with respect to the bridge’s midplane. It is shown that whilst a bridge whose length exceeds its circumference may be unstable, a sufficiently strong axial field provides stability if the dielectric constant of the bridge exceeds that of the surrounding fluid. Conversely, a field destabilizes a bridge whose dielectric constant is lower than that of its surroundings, even when its aspect ratio is less than π. Bridge behaviour is sensitive to the presence of conduction along the surface and much higher fields are required for stability when surface transport is present. The theoretical results are compared with experimental work (Burcham & Saville 2000) that demonstrated how a field stabilizes an otherwise unstable configuration. According to the experiments, the bridge undergoes two asymmetric transitions (cylinder-to-amphora and pinch-off) as the field is reduced. Agreement between theory and experiment for the field strength at the pinch-off transition is excellent, but less so for the change from cylinder to amphora. Using surface conductivity as an adjustable parameter brings theory and experiment into agreement.

A Liquid Water Model That Explains the Variation of Surface Tension of Water with Temperaure

2001 ◽  
Vol 40 (Part 1, No. 3A) ◽  
pp. 1467-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arshad Khan ◽  
M. Rezwan Khan ◽  
M. Ferdouse Khan ◽  
Fahima Khanam
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Water Model

scholarly journals Synthesis, surface tension, optical and dielectric properties of bismuth oxide thin film

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Meydanerİ Tezel ◽  
İ. Afşin Kariper
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Bismuth Oxide ◽  
Optical Transmission ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Oxide Thin Film

AbstractBismuth oxide thin film was deposited by chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique onto a glass substrate. The grain size (D), dislocation density (δ) and number of crystallites per unit area (N), i.e. structural properties of the thin film were determined as 16 nm, 39.06× 10–4line/nm2, 31.25 × 10–31/nm2, respectively. Optical transmittance properties of the thin film were investigated by using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The optical band gap (Eg) for direct transitions, optical transmission (T %), reflectivity (R %), absorption, refractive index (nr), extinction coefficient (k), dielectric constant (∊) of the thin film were found to be 3.77 eV, 25.23 %, 32.25 %, 0.59, 3.62, 0.04 and 2.80, respectively. The thickness of the film was measured by AFM, and was found to be 128 nm. Contact angles of various liquids on the oxide thin film were determined by Zisman method, and surface tension was calculated to be 31.95 mN/m.

Surface tension of heavy water under high magnetic fields

2009 ◽  
Vol 94 (26) ◽  
pp. 261902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaaki Iino ◽  
Yuu Fujimura
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Heavy Water ◽  
High Magnetic Fields
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