Diffuse Double Layer Theory for Electrolytes of Unsymmetrical Valence Types

1953 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1054-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Grahame
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Diffuse Double Layer ◽  
Double Layer Theory

scholarly journals Estimation of Compressibility and Permeability of Very Soft Clays by Means of the Diffuse Double Layer Theory

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeongjoo Kim ◽  
Hiroshi Yoshikuni ◽  
Kazuhiro Tsurugasaki
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Diffuse Double Layer ◽  
Soft Clays ◽  
Double Layer Theory

Novel procedure for the estimation of swelling pressures of compacted bentonites based on diffuse double layer theory

2012 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadikonda Venkata Bharat ◽  
Puvvadi Venkata Sivapullaiah ◽  
Mehter M. Allam
Keyword(s):  
Double Layer ◽  
Diffuse Double Layer ◽  
Double Layer Theory

scholarly journals The Effect of Surface Charge on the Voltage-Dependent Conductance Induced in Thin Lipid Membranes by Monazomycin

1972 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert U. Muller ◽  
Alan Finkelstein
Keyword(s):  
Surface Charge ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Divalent Cation ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Potential Difference ◽  
Diffuse Double Layer ◽  
Double Layer Theory

Differences in the behavior of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) thin lipid membranes treated with monazomycin are shown to be due to the negative surface charge on PG membranes. We demonstrate that shifts of the conductance-voltage (g-V) characteristic of PG films produced by changes of univalent or divalent cation concentrations result from changes of the membrane surface potential on one or both sides. In particular, if divalent cations are added to the aqueous phase not containing monazomycin, the resulting asymmetry of the surface potentials results in an intramembrane potential difference not recordable by electrodes in the bulk phases. Nevertheless, this intramembrane potential difference is "seen" by the monazomycin, and consequently the g-V characteristic is shifted along the voltage axis. These changes are accounted for by diffuse double layer theory. Thus we find it unnecessary to invoke specific binding of Mg++ or Ca++ to the negative charges of PG membranes to explain the observation that concentrations of these ions some 100-fold lower than that of the univalent cation present produce large shifts of the g-V characteristic. We suggest that analogous shifts of g-V characteristics in axons produced by changes of divalent cation concentration are also best explained by diffuse double layer theory.

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