Electric current-induced first-order effects on the insulator–metal transition and the colossal electroresistance in rare-earth manganates

2003 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 2767-2769 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Sudheendra ◽  
C. N. R. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
First Order ◽  
Insulator Metal Transition ◽  
Colossal Electroresistance

scholarly journals Dissipation in the effective field theory for hydrodynamics: First-order effects

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Endlich ◽  
Alberto Nicolis ◽  
Rafael A. Porto ◽  
Junpu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Effective Field Theory ◽  
Effective Field ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
First Order

scholarly journals Reputations for Resolve and Higher-Order Beliefs in Crisis Bargaining

2021 ◽  
pp. 002200272199554
Author(s):  
Allan Dafoe ◽  
Remco Zwetsloot ◽  
Matthew Cebul
Keyword(s):  
Belief Change ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Experimental Setting ◽  
Crisis Bargaining ◽  
First Order ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Higher Order Effects

Reputations for resolve are said to be one of the few things worth fighting for, yet they remain inadequately understood. Discussions of reputation focus almost exclusively on first-order belief change— A stands firm, B updates its beliefs about A’s resolve. Such first-order reputational effects are important, but they are not the whole story. Higher-order beliefs—what A believes about B’s beliefs, and so on—matter a great deal as well. When A comes to believe that B is more resolved, this may decrease A’s resolve, and this in turn may increase B’s resolve, and so on. In other words, resolve is interdependent. We offer a framework for estimating higher-order effects, and find evidence of such reasoning in a survey experiment on quasi-elites. Our findings indicate both that states and leaders can develop potent reputations for resolve, and that higher-order beliefs are often responsible for a large proportion of these effects (40 percent to 70 percent in our experimental setting). We conclude by complementing the survey with qualitative evidence and laying the groundwork for future research.

scholarly journals Statistical analysis of second order effects variation with the stories height of reinforced concrete buildings

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-357
Author(s):  
D.M. OLIVEIRA ◽  
N.A. SILVA ◽  
C.C. RIBEIRO ◽  
S.E.C. RIBEIRO
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Buildings ◽  
First Order ◽  
Concrete Buildings ◽  
Ideal Situation ◽  
Second Order Effects ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract In this paper the simplified method to evaluate final efforts using γ z coefficient is studied considering the variation of the second order effects with the height of the buildings. With this purpose, several reinforced concrete buildings of medium height are analyzed in first and second order using ANSYS software. Initially, it was checked that the (z coefficient should be used as magnifier of first order moments to evaluate final second order moments. Therefore, the study is developed considering the relation (final second order moments/ first order moments), calculated for each story of the structures. This moments relation is called magnifier of first order moments, "γ", and, in the ideal situation, it must coincide with the γ z value. However, it is observed that the reason γ /γ z varies with the height of the buildings. Furthermore, using an statistical analysis, it was checked that γ /γ z relation is generally lower than 1.05 and varies significantly in accordance with the considered building and with the presence or not of symmetry in the structure.

The Politics of the Knowledge Economy and the Rise of Populism

2019 ◽  
pp. 216-255
Author(s):  
Torben Iversen ◽  
David Soskice
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Government Support ◽  
The Political ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
First Order ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
Political Economic

This chapter considers the “second-order” effects of the transition to the knowledge economy. This means the set of preferences, beliefs, and party allegiances that are crystallizing as a consequence of the political-economic realities brought about by the knowledge economy. Chapter 3 considered “first-order” effects—immediate policy responses reflecting existing political coalitions—and showed that these responses were relatively limited and in most countries, failed to offer much compensation for those who lost out in the collapse of the Fordist economy. This chapter argues that this failure has created the political conditions for the rise of populism. Populism refers to a set of preferences and beliefs that rejects established parties and elites, that sees established politicians as gaming the system to their own advantage, and that at the same time sees the poor as undeserving of government support.

First Order Effects in the Michelson‐Morley Experiment

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. de Miranda Filho ◽  
N. P. Andion ◽  
N. C. Ada Costa
Keyword(s):  
Order Effects ◽  
First Order ◽  
Morley Experiment
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