scholarly journals Ideal glass transitions in thin films: An energy landscape perspective

2003 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 1897-1900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Truskett ◽  
Venkat Ganesan
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Energy Landscape ◽  
Glass Transitions

Energy landscapes for cooperative processes: nearly ideal glass transitions, liquid–liquid transitions and folding transitions

2004 ◽  
Vol 363 (1827) ◽  
pp. 415-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Austen Angell
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Point Defects ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Energy Landscape ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Glass Transitions ◽  
Energy Landscapes ◽  
Cooperative Processes

We describe basic phenomenology in the physics of supercooling liquids at constant volume (most simulations), and at constant pressure (most laboratory experiments) before focusing attention on the exceptional cases that exhibit liquid–liquid phase transitions on constant–pressure cooling. We give evidence for point defects in glasses and liquids near T g . Models based on defects predict transitions with density gaps in constant–pressure systems. We describe the energy landscape representation of such systems. Water, in these terms, is post–critical, and its nearly ideal glass formation can be related to nucleation–free protein ‘funnel–folding’. For nucleated folding of proteins, a pseudo–gap should be present. Experimental methods of distinguishing between alternative folding scenarios are described.

scholarly journals Energy landscape scheme for an intuitive understanding of complex domain dynamics in ferroelectric thin films

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Heon Kim ◽  
Jong-Gul Yoon ◽  
Seung Hyub Baek ◽  
Woong-kyu Park ◽  
Sang Mo Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Energy Landscape ◽  
Ferroelectric Thin Films ◽  
Complex Domain ◽  
Domain Dynamics

Effects of columnar defects and intrinsic pinning on the Bose-glass transitions of YBa2Cu3O7 and Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 thin films

1997 ◽  
Vol 251 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 138-141
Author(s):  
G. Nakielski ◽  
M. Kaufmann ◽  
A. Rickertsen ◽  
M. Baumann ◽  
M. Schilling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Glass Transitions ◽  
Columnar Defects ◽  
Bose Glass

scholarly journals Nanomaterials - what energy landscapes can tell us

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann Schön
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Sapphire Substrate ◽  
Energy Landscape ◽  
Nano Materials ◽  
Energy Landscapes ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Chemical Systems ◽  
Nano Size

Nanomaterials bridge the gaps between crystalline materials, thin films, and molecules, and are of great importance in the design of new classes of materials, since the existence of many modifications of a nano-object for the same overall composition allows us to tune the properties of the nanomaterial. However, the structural analysis of nano-size systems is often difficult and their structural stability is frequently relatively low. Thus, a study of their energy landscape is needed to determine or predict possible structures, and analyse their stability, via the determination of the minima on the landscape and the generalized barriers separating them. In this contribution, we introduce the major concepts of energy landscapes for chemical systems, and present summaries of four applications to nano-materials: a MgO monolayer on a sapphire substrate, possible quasitwo- dimensional carbon-silicon networks, the ab initio energy landscape of Cu4Ag4-clusters, and the possible arrangements of ethane molecules on an ideally smooth substrate.

Local and Average Glass Transitions in Polymer Thin Films

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (23) ◽  
pp. 9874-9880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane E. G. Lipson ◽  
Scott T. Milner
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Polymer Thin Films ◽  
Glass Transitions

The study of interfacial reactions of nickel thin films on GaAs

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 156-157
Author(s):  
L.J. Chen ◽  
Y.F. Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Interfacial Reactions ◽  
Metal Contacts ◽  
Nickel Thin Films ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
The Status ◽  
Si Doped ◽  
Electron Microscopes

One measure of the maturity of a device technology is the ease and reliability of applying contact metallurgy. Compared to metal contact of silicon, the status of GaAs metallization is still at its primitive stage. With the advent of GaAs MESFET and integrated circuits, very stringent requirements were placed on their metal contacts. During the past few years, extensive researches have been conducted in the area of Au-Ge-Ni in order to lower contact resistances and improve uniformity. In this paper, we report the results of TEM study of interfacial reactions between Ni and GaAs as part of the attempt to understand the role of nickel in Au-Ge-Ni contact of GaAs.N-type, Si-doped, (001) oriented GaAs wafers, 15 mil in thickness, were grown by gradient-freeze method. Nickel thin films, 300Å in thickness, were e-gun deposited on GaAs wafers. The samples were then annealed in dry N2 in a 3-zone diffusion furnace at temperatures 200°C - 600°C for 5-180 minutes. Thin foils for TEM examinations were prepared by chemical polishing from the GaA.s side. TEM investigations were performed with JE0L- 100B and JE0L-200CX electron microscopes.

Studies on Water in the Hydration Chamber of a Modified Electron Microscope

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 544-545
Author(s):  
R. C. Moretz ◽  
G. G. Hausner ◽  
D. F. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Small Mass ◽  
Equilibrium Pressure ◽  
Biological Objects ◽  
Mechanical Pump ◽  
Differential Pumping

Use of the electron microscope to examine wet objects is possible due to the small mass thickness of the equilibrium pressure of water vapor at room temperature. Previous attempts to examine hydrated biological objects and water itself used a chamber consisting of two small apertures sealed by two thin films. Extensive work in our laboratory showed that such films have an 80% failure rate when wet. Using the principle of differential pumping of the microscope column, we can use open apertures in place of thin film windows.Fig. 1 shows the modified Siemens la specimen chamber with the connections to the water supply and the auxiliary pumping station. A mechanical pump is connected to the vapor supply via a 100μ aperture to maintain steady-state conditions.

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