Nuclear Structure Studies with Rare Isotope Beams: Knockout Reactions

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Sherrill
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Structure ◽  
Rare Isotope ◽  
Knockout Reactions

scholarly journals Masses and Beta-decay Studies of Neutron-rich Nuclei using the X-array and Gammasphere

2019 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 01028
Author(s):  
F.G. Kondev ◽  
D.J. Hartley ◽  
R. Orford ◽  
J.A Clark ◽  
G. Savard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Structure ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Penning Trap ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Argonne National Laboratory ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Radioactive Beam ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Particle Structure ◽  
Rare Isotope

Properties of neutron-rich nuclei in the A˜160 region are important for achieving a better understanding of the nuclear structure in this region where little is known owing to diffculties in the production of these nuclei at the present nuclear physics facilities. These properties are essential ingredients in the interpretation of the rareearth peak at A˜160 in the r process abundance distribution, since theoretical models are sensitive to nuclear structure input. Predicated on these ideas, we have initiated a new experimental program at Argonne National Laboratory. During the first experiment, beams from the Californium Rare Isotope Breeder Upgrade radioactive beam facility were used in conjunction with the SATURN decay station and the X-array. We focused initially on several odd-odd nuclei, where β decays of both the ground state and an excited isomer were investigated. Because of the spin difference, a variety of structures in the daughter nuclei were selectively populated and characterized based on their decay properties. Mass measurements using the Canadian Penning Trap aimed at establishing the excitation energy of the β-decaying isomers were also carried out. Evidence was found for a change in the single-particle structure, which in turn results in the formation of a sizable N=98 sub-shell gap at large deformation. Results from the first experimental campaign using the newly-commissioned β-decay station at Gammasphere are also presented.

scholarly journals Probing the nuclear structure in the vicinity of 78Ni

2019 ◽  
Vol 223 ◽  
pp. 01054
Author(s):  
E. Sahin ◽  
K. Hadynska-Kle¸k ◽  
F.L. Bello Garrote ◽  
A. Görgen
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Structure ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Magic Numbers ◽  
Liquid Hydrogen Target ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Hydrogen Target ◽  
Zero Degree ◽  
Knockout Reactions ◽  
Proton Knockout

Theoretical and experimental studies of neutron-rich nuclei have shown that the general concept of shell structure is not as robust and universal as earlier thought, but can exhibit significant changes as a function of neutron excess. New magic numbers appear and some other conventional ones disappear mainly because of a different ordering of the single-particle orbitals. In the present contribution, recent experimental studies of neutron-rich Cu isotopes, performed at RIKEN using β decay and one-proton knockout reactions, will be discussed. Neutron-rich nuclei near 78Ni were populated through in-flight fission of 238U on thick 9Be targets in both experiments. In the β-decay study, 75,77Ni nuclei were implanted into the WAS3ABi silicon array, while γ rays from excited states in 75,77Cu emitted after β decay of the implanted ions were detected with the EURICA Ge detector array that was surrounding the active stopper. In a second experiment within the SEASTAR campaign at RIKEN, the same 75,77Cu nuclei were produced in (p,2p) knockout reactions from 76,78Zn beam particles at around 250 MeV/nucleon impinging onto the MINOS liquid hydrogen target. In the latter experiment the DALI2 NaI array was used to detect de-excitation γ rays measured in coincidence with Cu nuclei identified in the Zero Degree Spectrometer. Both studies are complimentary and greatly contribute to our understanding on the nuclear structure in the 78Ni region.

scholarly journals Nuclear theory and science of the facility for rare isotope beams

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1430010 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. Balantekin ◽  
J. Carlson ◽  
D. J. Dean ◽  
G. M. Fuller ◽  
R. J. Furnstahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Structure ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Nuclear Astrophysics ◽  
Current Theory ◽  
Comprehensive Description ◽  
Rare Isotope ◽  
Nuclear Theory ◽  
Nuclear Science ◽  
Traditional Fields ◽  
Rare Isotopes

The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) will be a world-leading laboratory for the study of nuclear structure, reactions and astrophysics. Experiments with intense beams of rare isotopes produced at FRIB will guide us toward a comprehensive description of nuclei, elucidate the origin of the elements in the cosmos, help provide an understanding of matter in neutron stars and establish the scientific foundation for innovative applications of nuclear science to society. FRIB will be essential for gaining access to key regions of the nuclear chart, where the measured nuclear properties will challenge established concepts, and highlight shortcomings and needed modifications to current theory. Conversely, nuclear theory will play a critical role in providing the intellectual framework for the science at FRIB, and will provide invaluable guidance to FRIB's experimental programs. This review overviews the broad scope of the FRIB theory effort, which reaches beyond the traditional fields of nuclear structure and reactions, and nuclear astrophysics, to explore exciting interdisciplinary boundaries with other areas.

Nuclear Electrons and Nuclear Structure

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger H. Stuewer
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Structure ◽  
Beta Decay ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Alpha Particle ◽  
Continuous Distribution ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
Light Nuclei ◽  
Coincidence Method ◽  
Wolfgang Pauli ◽  
Beta Particles

Serious contradictions to the existence of electrons in nuclei impinged in one way or another on the theory of beta decay and became acute when Charles Ellis and William Wooster proved, in an experimental tour de force in 1927, that beta particles are emitted from a radioactive nucleus with a continuous distribution of energies. Bohr concluded that energy is not conserved in the nucleus, an idea that Wolfgang Pauli vigorously opposed. Another puzzle arose in alpha-particle experiments. Walther Bothe and his co-workers used his coincidence method in 1928–30 and concluded that energetic gamma rays are produced when polonium alpha particles bombard beryllium and other light nuclei. That stimulated Frédéric Joliot and Irène Curie to carry out related experiments. These experimental results were thoroughly discussed at a conference that Enrico Fermi organized in Rome in October 1931, whose proceedings included the first publication of Pauli’s neutrino hypothesis.

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