The mechanism of suppression or enhancement of three-dimensional surface waves in film flow down a vertical plane

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 4088-4091 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Lin ◽  
W. Y. Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waves ◽  
Film Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Dimensional Surface

On Three-Dimensional Nonlinear Subharmonic Resonant Surface Waves in a Fluid: Part I—Theory

1988 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. M. Gu ◽  
P. R. Sethna ◽  
A. Narain
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Surface Waves ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Critical Depth ◽  
Transient Phenomena ◽  
Vertical Excitation ◽  
Rectangular Container ◽  
Dimensional Surface

Three-dimensional surface waves in a rectangular container subjected to vertical excitation are studied. The analysis includes the effects of surface tension, energy dissipation, and critical depth. Both steady state and transient phenomena are discussed.

Enhancement of Heat Transfer Performance in Nuclear Fuel Rod Using Nanofluids and Surface Roughness Technique

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Liu ◽  
Titan C. Paul ◽  
Leo A. Carrilho ◽  
Jamil A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Bulk Fluid ◽  
Fuel Rod ◽  
Dimensional Surface

The experimental investigations were carried out of a pressurized water nuclear reactor (PWR) with enhanced surface using different concentration (0.5 and 2.0 vol%) of ZnO/DI-water based nanofluids as a coolant. The experimental setup consisted of a flow loop with a nuclear fuel rod section that was heated by electrical current. The fuel rod surfaces were termed as two-dimensional surface roughness (square transverse ribbed surface) and three-dimensional surface roughness (diamond shaped blocks). The variation in temperature of nuclear fuel rod was measured along the length of a specified section. Heat transfer coefficient was calculated by measuring heat flux and temperature differences between surface and bulk fluid. The experimental results of nanofluids were compared with the coolant as a DI-water data. The maximum heat transfer coefficient enhancement was achieved 33% at Re = 1.15 × 105 for fuel rod with three-dimensional surface roughness using 2.0 vol% nanofluids compared to DI-water.

scholarly journals DISCRETE AND CONTINUUM APPROACHES TO THREE-DIMENSIONAL QUANTUM GRAVITY

1991 ◽  
Vol 06 (39) ◽  
pp. 3591-3600 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIROSI OOGURI ◽  
NAOKI SASAKURA
Keyword(s):  
Gauge Theory ◽  
Moduli Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Analogue Model ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Invariant Functions ◽  
Dimensional Lattice ◽  
Chern Simons ◽  
Dimensional Surface

It is shown that, in the three-dimensional lattice gravity defined by Ponzano and Regge, the space of physical states is isomorphic to the space of gauge-invariant functions on the moduli space of flat SU(2) connections over a two-dimensional surface, which gives physical states in the ISO(3) Chern–Simons gauge theory. To prove this, we employ the q-analogue of this model defined by Turaev and Viro as a regularization to sum over states. A recent work by Turaev suggests that the q-analogue model itself may be related to an Euclidean gravity with a cosmological constant proportional to 1/k2, where q=e2πi/(k+2).

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