Optical measurements of fast electron effects in a helicon plasma

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Scharer
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (0) ◽  
pp. 3406125-3406125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimpei WASEDA ◽  
Hiroaki FUJITSUKA ◽  
Shunjiro SHINOHARA ◽  
Daisuke KUWAHARA ◽  
Marie SAKATA ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
W. E. Lee

An optical waveguide consists of a several-micron wide channel with a slightly different index of refraction than the host substrate; light can be trapped in the channel by total internal reflection.Optical waveguides can be formed from single-crystal LiNbO3 using the proton exhange technique. In this technique, polished specimens are masked with polycrystal1ine chromium in such a way as to leave 3-13 μm wide channels. These are held in benzoic acid at 249°C for 5 minutes allowing protons to exchange for lithium ions within the channels causing an increase in the refractive index of the channel and creating the waveguide. Unfortunately, optical measurements often reveal a loss in waveguiding ability up to several weeks after exchange.


2006 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 499-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Manclossi ◽  
J. J. Santos ◽  
J. Faure ◽  
A. Guenmie-Tafo ◽  
D. Batani ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 185 (6) ◽  
pp. 655-663
Author(s):  
V.V. Safargaleev ◽  
T.I. Sergienko ◽  
A.V. Safargaleev ◽  
A.L. Kotikov
Keyword(s):  

2003 ◽  
Vol 772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masakazu Muroyama ◽  
Kazuto Kimura ◽  
Takao Yagi ◽  
Ichiro Saito

AbstractA carbon nanotube triode using Helicon Plasma-enhanced CVD with electroplated NiCo catalyst has been successfully fabricated. Isolated NiCo based metal catalyst was deposited at the bottom of the cathode wells by electroplating methods to control the density of carbon nanotubes and also reduce the activation energy of its growth. Helicon Plasma-enhanced CVD (HPECVD) has been used to deposit nanotubes at 400°C. Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes were then grown selectively on the electroplated Ni catalyst. Field emission measurements were performed with a triode structure. At a cathode to anode gap of 1.1mm, the turn on voltage for the gate was 170V.


1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Wegener ◽  
Alexis Bishop ◽  
Amberyn Thomas ◽  
Margaret Wegener ◽  
Alexis Bishop ◽  
...  

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