Push–pull electro-optic polymer modulators with low half-wave voltage and low loss at both 1310 and 1550 nm

2001 ◽  
Vol 78 (20) ◽  
pp. 3136-3138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Zhang ◽  
Min-Cheol Oh ◽  
Attila Szep ◽  
William H. Steier ◽  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Loss ◽  
Half Wave Voltage ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Polymer Modulators

PUSH-PULL ELECTRO-OPTIC POLYMER MODULATORS BASED ON PHOTO-BLEACHING INDUCED WAVEGUIDES AND DUAL-DRIVING ELECTRODES

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 405-410
Author(s):  
SEONGKU KIM ◽  
K. GEARY ◽  
H. R. FETTERMAN ◽  
C. ZHANG ◽  
C. WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insertion Loss ◽  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Interaction Length ◽  
Half Wave Voltage ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Photochemical Decomposition ◽  
Polymer Modulators

Push-pull electro-optic polymeric Mach-Zehnder modulators with photo-bleaching induced waveguides and dual-driving electrodes operating at 1.55 μm wavelength have been demonstrated. The nonlinear electro-optic polymer used in this work was based on a phenyltetraene bridged chromophore in polycarbonate, APC-CLD1. It has been shown that the predominant photo-bleaching mechanism was a photochemical decomposition of the chromophore. The half-wave voltage of the integrated polymeric modulator was 4.5 V in a push-pull configuration with a 1.5 cm interaction length. The extinction ratio was greater than 20 dB, and the fiber-to-fiber insertion loss was 8 dB for the TM polarization at 1.55 μm wavelength.

Electro-optic polymer modulators with 0.8 V half-wave voltage

2000 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongqiang Shi ◽  
Weiping Lin ◽  
David J. Olson ◽  
James H. Bechtel ◽  
Hua Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Half Wave Voltage ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Polymer Modulators

Characterization of Bulk BaTiO3 Material for Optical Modulator Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 1002 ◽  
pp. 132-139
Author(s):  
Sabah Al-Ithawi ◽  
Wasan A. Hekmat ◽  
Kadhim A. Hubeatir ◽  
Shams B. Ali ◽  
Suad M. Kadhim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Crystalline Structure ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Optical Modulator ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Half Wave Voltage ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
Electro Optic

In this work, different sizes of BaTiO3 (BTO) were characterized. The effective parameters were studied to reach optimum performance in order to realize an optical modulator. The parameters such as spectroscopy, electro-optic coefficient, crystalline structure, and birefringence indicated that BaTiO3 has an excellent behavior to manipulate the light by Pockels modulator, spatially in the field of telecom. The sample size (10×3 mm) was shown a good performance compare with other samples, for example, the BTO has low absorption, high variation of output as a function of voltage applied and good efficiency that showed by figure of merit. In addition, a low half-wave voltage (Vπ) was observed.

Structure optimization of electro-optic polymer waveguides for low half-wave voltage modulators

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind Mahé ◽  
Dominique Bosc ◽  
Nicolas Gayet ◽  
Fabrice Odobel ◽  
Pierre-Antoinne Bonnardel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure Optimization ◽  
Polymer Waveguides ◽  
Half Wave Voltage ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
Electro Optic

scholarly journals Electro-Optic Intensity Modulation in Fe-Doped KTa0.65Nb0.35O3 Crystals

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 870
Author(s):  
Cheng-Kai Yang ◽  
Xu-Ping Wang ◽  
Fei Zhang ◽  
Hua-Di Zhang ◽  
Bing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Light Modulation ◽  
Light Power ◽  
Half Wave Voltage ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Ion Doping ◽  
Growth Method ◽  
Top Seeded Solution Growth

KTa0.65Nb0.35O3 and Fe-doped KTa0.65Nb0.35O3 crystals were grown by the top-seeded solution growth method (TSSG). Fe ion doping significantly improves the electro-optic properties of cubic KTN crystals. We describe their electro-optic modulation theory and experimental research. The electro-optic modulation waveform deduced by theoretical calculation is basically consistent with the waveform measured in the experiment. We observed the attenuation of light modulation under multiple voltage cycles. The modulation curve of the crystal is inconsistent when the crystal voltage is boosting and bucking. Under the same voltage condition, the higher the incident light power, the faster the modulation depth attenuation. In this experiment, the size of the KTN crystal chip is 6 mm × 5 mm × 2 mm. We obtain the effective electro-optic coefficient as s11 − s12 = 1.34 × 10−15 m2/V2; the half-wave voltage near the Curie temperature is 39 V.

Electro-Optic Polymer/TiO2 Slot Waveguide Modulators Driven with Low Half-Wave Voltage

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Enami ◽  
Y. Jouane ◽  
D. Zhang ◽  
Y.C. Chang ◽  
J. Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slot Waveguide ◽  
Half Wave Voltage ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Waveguide Modulators

Erratum: “Low half-wave voltage and high electro-optic effect in hybrid polymer/sol-gel waveguide modulators” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 143506 (2006)]

2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 019901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Enami ◽  
C. T. DeRose ◽  
C. Loychik ◽  
D. Mathine ◽  
R. A. Norwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Hybrid Polymer ◽  
Half Wave Voltage ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Waveguide Modulators

A new scheme of using electro-optic crystal cut obliquely in both sides for reducing its half wave voltage

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somnath Sen ◽  
Shyamal Kumar Pal ◽  
Sourangshu Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Half Wave Voltage ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
Electro Optic
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