Detection of localized hot electrons in low-pressure large-area microwave discharges

2000 ◽  
Vol 77 (18) ◽  
pp. 2825-2827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tibor Terebessy ◽  
Masashi Kando ◽  
Jozef Kudela
Keyword(s):  
Low Pressure ◽  
Hot Electrons ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Microwave Discharges

Small-scale dynamic structures in low-pressure microwave discharges

1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 663-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Vvedenskii ◽  
N. K. Vdovicheva ◽  
V. B. Gil’denburg ◽  
N. A. Zharova ◽  
I. A. Shereshevskii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Pressure ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Dynamic Structures ◽  
Microwave Discharges

High Rate, High Quality, Diamond Synthesis by the Combustion Flame Process

1994 ◽  
Vol 349 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.V. Ravi ◽  
D.S. Olson ◽  
C.A. Koch
Keyword(s):  
Diamond Films ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Diamond Synthesis ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Combustion Flame ◽  
Bulk Diamond

ABSTRACTAmong the various low pressure techniques being developed for the synthesis of diamond films and bulk diamond slabs the combustion flame synthesis process has some distinct advantages. In this approach the combustion reaction between acetylene and oxygen is utilized to generate the requisite energy to activate excess acetylene in the gas mix leading to the deposition of diamond films on a temperature controlled substrate brought into contact with the flame. Other diamond synthesis approaches, such as microwave enhanced and the filament assisted chemical vapor deposition processes, and the various arc jet techniques utilize mixtures of hydrogen and methane as the process gases. Oxygen and oxidizing specie ( such as OH radicals) in the flame ambient may be much more effective than atomic hydrogen in promoting the growth of diamond over the growth of graphite and other non- diamond forms of carbon. In addition this technique enables the growth of diamond at high rates and is relatively easily scaled for large area synthesis. In this paper a discussion of this technique is presented drawing upon recent research by the authors as well as published work to present a general discussion of the issues involved in the development of this technique of low pressure diamond synthesis.

Cost-effective fabrication of submicron patterns under low pressure over a large area

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
pp. 1088-1092
Author(s):  
Zin-Sig Kim ◽  
Kun-Sik Park ◽  
Kyu-Ha Baek ◽  
Lee-Mi Do
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Large Area

Pattern Uniformity in Large-Area Ultraviolet Nano-Imprinting by a Cylindrically Inflated Flexible Mold Under Low Pressure

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 5336-5341 ◽  
Author(s):  
GeeHong Kim ◽  
Mira Jeong ◽  
Hyungjun Lim ◽  
Jaejong Lee ◽  
Kee Bong Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Pressure ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Flexible Mold

scholarly journals Production of Nanopowders of Metal Oxides Using Pulsed Electron Beam in Low Pressure Gas

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Sokovnin ◽  
V. G. Il'ves
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature Ferromagnetism ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Electron Gun ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Pulsed Electron Beam ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Characteristic Particle

The installation for production of metal oxide nanopowders was created. The method involves evaporation of the target by a pulsed-electron beam, condensation of the vapors of the material in a low-pressure gas, and deposition of nanopowders on a cold large-area crystallizer. In a new installation, a higher-power electron gun with a hollow cathode, which ensures the formation of the current pulse of the electron beam with amplitude up to 1 A and a duration of 100 μs, and a crystallizer of a larger diameter (0.3 m) and length (0.5 m), which makes it possible to decrease the agglomeration, were used. The results of the evaporation of targets made of YSZ, CeGdOx, Zn-ZnO, Al2O3, and ZnO were presented. Room-temperature ferromagnetism has been observed in YSZ, Zn-ZnO, and Cu(Al)-doped Al2O3. The proposed method makes it possible to obtain nanopowders of oxides with a characteristic particle size of 3–5 nm and agglomerates consisting of them 20–600 nm in size, specific surfaces of up 338 m2/g, productivity of up to 12 g/h, and a specific power consumption ≥112 (W h)/g.

scholarly journals Summer Regional Pentad Extreme Precipitation in Eastern China and Their Possible Causes

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaqin Ji ◽  
Xuguang Sun ◽  
Yiming Xu ◽  
Jingxin Yao ◽  
Xiu-Qun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
North China ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Western Pacific Subtropical High ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Reanalysis Dataset ◽  
The North

Persistent extreme precipitation covering a large area usually causes severe flooding disasters in China, but how to depict it and what are the possible causes are still open questions. With Climate Prediction Center global unified gauge-based analysis of daily precipitation and NCEP/NCAR daily reanalysis dataset from 1979 to 2019, summer regional pentad extreme precipitation (RPEP) is defined according to the threshold of the 95th percentile of pentad precipitation with more than 5% land grids coverage in eastern China. While the definition of RPEP highlights the climate features of both the persistence and the regionality of extreme precipitation, it is distinctly different from the previous definitions that mainly reflect the synoptic aspects with daily data and have strictly temporal-spatial constraints. Four categories of RPEPs are objectively identified by K-means cluster analysis, i.e., South China (SC), South of Yangtze River (SYR), Jianghuai River (JHR), and North China (NC). Along the Yangtze River (SYR and JHR), intensity and area of RPEP are positively correlated with each other, and with the increase of RPEP intensity, its center of gravity tends to move eastward in all the four cluster regions and southward in Jianghuai River and North China, respectively, and vice versa. The RPEPs mostly persist for one pentad but can reach up to two to three pentads at most, and along with the duration of RPEP, its intensity and area are both enhanced accordingly. Furthermore, the frequency of RPEP increased significantly since the late 1990s in SYR, JHR, and SC. Associated with RPEP, strong pentad-mean convergence and ascending motion occur in the middle-lower troposphere, and except for SC that is dominated by the local low-pressure and cyclone anomalies, the other three cluster regions are all forced by the western Pacific subtropical high to the southeast and weak low-pressure trough to the north, and the low-level anticyclone anomaly to the southeast transports abundant water vapors to the RPEP regions accordingly. Besides, all the RPEPs are closely in accordance with obvious subseasonal oscillations, especially the 10–30-day and 30–60-day oscillations, which can be regarded as the potential sources of RPEP predictability in eastern China.

scholarly journals Visible and Near Ultraviolet Spectra of Low-Pressure Rare-Gas Microwave Discharges

1971 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2555 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Campbell ◽  
E. W. Spisz ◽  
R. L. Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Low Pressure ◽  
Rare Gas ◽  
Ultraviolet Spectra ◽  
Near Ultraviolet ◽  
Microwave Discharges

Investigation of plasma surface cleaning in planar low-pressure microwave discharges

1995 ◽  
Vol 74-75 ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ohl ◽  
H. Strobel ◽  
J. Röpcke ◽  
H. Kammerstetter ◽  
A. Pries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Pressure ◽  
Surface Cleaning ◽  
Plasma Surface ◽  
Microwave Discharges
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