An x‐ray target probe for superthermal electron and field line pitch measurements

1992 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 5041-5044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Hokin
Keyword(s):  
Field Line ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Superthermal Electron ◽  
Target Probe

Space and Time Distribution of Hard X-Ray Emission in a Loop at the Beginning of a Flare

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 275-277
Author(s):  
M. Karlický ◽  
J. C. Hénoux
Keyword(s):  
Time Distribution ◽  
Electron Bombardment ◽  
Spatial Evolution ◽  
Superthermal Electrons ◽  
Flare Loop ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Superthermal Electron ◽  
Flare Loops ◽  
Chromospheric Evaporation ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

AbstractUsing a new ID hybrid model of the electron bombardment in flare loops, we study not only the evolution of densities, plasma velocities and temperatures in the loop, but also the temporal and spatial evolution of hard X-ray emission. In the present paper a continuous bombardment by electrons isotropically accelerated at the top of flare loop with a power-law injection distribution function is considered. The computations include the effects of the return-current that reduces significantly the depth of the chromospheric layer which is evaporated. The present modelling is made with superthermal electron parameters corresponding to the classical resistivity regime for an input energy flux of superthermal electrons of 109erg cm−2s−1. It was found that due to the electron bombardment the two chromospheric evaporation waves are generated at both feet of the loop and they propagate up to the top, where they collide and cause temporary density and hard X-ray enhancements.

X-Ray Microanalysis of Insulators in the ESEM

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (S2) ◽  
pp. 786-787
Author(s):  
M.R. Phillips ◽  
M. Toth ◽  
B.J. Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Field Line ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Relative Intensity ◽  
Primary Beam ◽  
Line Geometry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Positive Ions ◽  
Present Experimental Evidence

We have investigated the affect of accelerating voltage (E0), pressure (P), GSED bias (VGSED), field line geometry and specimen conductivity on the landing energy of the primary beam in an XL30 ESEM. The landing energy of the primary beam can be measured by using the Duane-Hunt cut-off energy, EDH, in EDS X-ray spectra. We present experimental evidence that the landing energy of the primary beam can be significantly altered when analyzing insulators in an ESEM. Shifts in EDH result from electric fields produced by the presence of positive ions in the ESEM chamber and electrons trapped in the bulk. No shift in EDH was observed with conductive specimens at all E0 and P. Changes in the landing energy of the primary beam can significantly effect the relative intensity of characteristic peaks in EDS spectra measured in the ESEM (Figure 1).The magnitude and sign of the shift in EDH is determined by E0 and P for a specific insulator specimen and stage geometry.

scholarly journals Magnetic Field Reconnection in the Hα Eruptive Prominence on September 18, 1995

1998 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 310-313
Author(s):  
Marian Karlický ◽  
Pavel Kotrč ◽  
Stanislava Šimberová ◽  
Miloslav Knížek ◽  
Michal Varady
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Field Line ◽  
Magnetic Field Line ◽  
Radio Burst ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Thermal Processes ◽  
Eruptive Prominence ◽  
X Ray

AbstractA violent evolution of the September 18, 1995 eruptive prominence is studied. The fast changes of the prominence structure started immediately after a weak radio burst on 3 GHz indicating the presence of non-thermal processes. A comparison with Yohkoh soft X-ray pictures was made. A detailed analysis of observations indicates magnetic field line reconnection, mainly in the space below the rising Hα prominence. The reconnection processes are manifested by structural changes of the Hα prominence and X-ray loops and also by the character of Doppler velocities in the Hα spectrum formed close to the reconnection space.

Field Line Shrinkage in Flares Observed by the X‐Ray Telescope onHinode

2008 ◽  
Vol 675 (1) ◽  
pp. 868-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine K. Reeves ◽  
Daniel B. Seaton ◽  
Terry G. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Field Line ◽  
X Ray

Laboratory astrophysics in the extreme ultraviolet

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
J K Lepson ◽  
P Beiersdorfer ◽  
M Bitter ◽  
S M Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Field Line ◽  
Charge State ◽  
Magnetic Field Line ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Ion Traps ◽  
Laboratory Astrophysics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
95.55 Ka

Electron beam ion traps are uniquely well suited for laboratory astrophysics because they can produce nearly any charge state of any element in a collisionally excited plasma that is comparable in density and temperature to many astronomical sources. The Lawrence Livermore EBIT facility has been optimized for laboratory astrophysics with a suite of dedicated instruments and has made significant advances in this field. This paper reviews some of the work performed at LLNL in compiling comprehensive spectral catalogues, discovery of a magnetic field line diagnostic in the EUV and soft X-ray regimes, and density diagnostics on EBIT and at the NSTX tokamak.PACS Nos.: 95.30.Ky, 32.30.Rj, 95.75.–z, 95.85.Nv, 97.10.Ex, 95.55.Ka, 95.85.Mt, 52.55.Fa

Some Problems in Understanding the Solar Corona

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
A. H. Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Solar Corona ◽  
Solar Atmosphere ◽  
Theoretical Modelling ◽  
Total System ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Proper Perspective ◽  
Space Observations

The development of the physics of the solar atmosphere during the last 50 years has been greatly influenced by the increasing capability of observations made from space. Access to images and spectra of the hotter plasma in the UV, XUV and X-ray regions provided a major advance over the few coronal forbidden lines seen in the visible and enabled the cooler chromospheric and photospheric plasma to be seen in its proper perspective, as part of a total system. In this way space observations have stimulated new and important advances, not only in space but also in ground-based observations and theoretical modelling, so that today we find a well-balanced harmony between the three techniques.

White-Light Coronal Structures: Streamers and CMEs

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
E. Hildner
Keyword(s):  
Emission Line ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
White Light ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Temperature Function ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Eclipse Observations ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractOver the last twenty years, orbiting coronagraphs have vastly increased the amount of observational material for the whitelight corona. Spanning almost two solar cycles, and augmented by ground-based K-coronameter, emission-line, and eclipse observations, these data allow us to assess,inter alia: the typical and atypical behavior of the corona; how the corona evolves on time scales from minutes to a decade; and (in some respects) the relation between photospheric, coronal, and interplanetary features. This talk will review recent results on these three topics. A remark or two will attempt to relate the whitelight corona between 1.5 and 6 R⊙to the corona seen at lower altitudes in soft X-rays (e.g., with Yohkoh). The whitelight emission depends only on integrated electron density independent of temperature, whereas the soft X-ray emission depends upon the integral of electron density squared times a temperature function. The properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) will be reviewed briefly and their relationships to other solar and interplanetary phenomena will be noted.

Evolution of Large-Scale Coronal Structures

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
P. Ambrož
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Line ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Coronal Magnetic Field ◽  
Source Surface ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Characteristic Relationship ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractThe large-scale coronal structures observed during the sporadically visible solar eclipses were compared with the numerically extrapolated field-line structures of coronal magnetic field. A characteristic relationship between the observed structures of coronal plasma and the magnetic field line configurations was determined. The long-term evolution of large scale coronal structures inferred from photospheric magnetic observations in the course of 11- and 22-year solar cycles is described.Some known parameters, such as the source surface radius, or coronal rotation rate are discussed and actually interpreted. A relation between the large-scale photospheric magnetic field evolution and the coronal structure rearrangement is demonstrated.

Iron K-Line Emission from X-Ray Binaries

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
K. Masai ◽  
S. Hayakawa ◽  
F. Nagase
Keyword(s):  
Accretion Disk ◽  
Radiative Recombination ◽  
Characteristic Temperature ◽  
Line Emission ◽  
Ionization Front ◽  
Continuum Radiation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
X Ray Binaries

AbstractEmission mechanisms of the iron Kα-lines in X-ray binaries are discussed in relation with the characteristic temperature Txof continuum radiation thereof. The 6.7 keV line is ascribed to radiative recombination followed by cascades in a corona of ∼ 100 eV formed above the accretion disk. This mechanism is attained for Tx≲ 10 keV as observed for low mass X-ray binaries. The 6.4 keV line observed for binary X-ray pulsars with Tx> 10 keV is likely due to fluorescence outside the He II ionization front.

Diagnostics of Gold Laser Plasmas

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 357-360
Author(s):  
J.C. Gauthier ◽  
J.P. Geindre ◽  
P. Monier ◽  
C. Chenais-Popovics ◽  
N. Tragin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Results ◽  
Pure Gold ◽  
Electronic Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Laser Plasmas ◽  
Collisional Radiative Model ◽  
Radiative Model

AbstractIn order to achieve a nickel-like X ray laser scheme we need a tool to determine the parameters which characterise the high-Z plasma. The aim of this work is to study gold laser plasmas and to compare experimental results to a collisional-radiative model which describes nickel-like ions. The electronic temperature and density are measured by the emission of an aluminium tracer. They are compared to the predictions of the nickel-like model for pure gold. The results show that the density and temperature can be estimated in a pure gold plasma.

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