A magnetic‐reluctance thickness gauge for high conductivity, ferromagnetic films

1980 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Ryan ◽  
A. R. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
High Conductivity ◽  
Thickness Gauge ◽  
Ferromagnetic Films

Electron Microscope Observations of Magnetic and Electric Effects

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 430-431
Author(s):  
John Silcox
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Magnetic Image ◽  
Magnetic Effects ◽  
Ferromagnetic Films ◽  
Diffraction Contrast ◽  
Microscope Images ◽  
Electric Effects ◽  
Image Detail

Several aspects of magnetic and electric effects in electron microscope images are of interest and will be discussed here. Clearly electrons are deflected by magnetic and electric fields and can give rise to image detail. We will review situations in ferromagnetic films in which magnetic image effects are the predominant ones, others in which the magnetic effects give rise to rather subtle changes in diffraction contrast, cases of contrast at specimen edges due to leakage fields in both ferromagnets and superconductors and some effects due to electric fields in insulators.

2D Color-Intensity Representation of Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Measurements

2020 ◽  
pp. 1192-1198
Author(s):  
M.S. Mohammad ◽  
Tibebe Tesfaye ◽  
Kim Ki-Seong
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Other ◽  
Thickness Gauge ◽  
Color Intensity ◽  
Digital Readout ◽  
Flat Surfaces ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cost Effective Alternative ◽  
Ultrasonic Thickness

Ultrasonic thickness gauges are easy to operate and reliable, and can be used to measure a wide range of thicknesses and inspect all engineering materials. Supplementing the simple ultrasonic thickness gauges that present results in either a digital readout or as an A-scan with systems that enable correlating the measured values to their positions on the inspected surface to produce a two-dimensional (2D) thickness representation can extend their benefits and provide a cost-effective alternative to expensive advanced C-scan machines. In previous work, the authors introduced a system for the positioning and mapping of the values measured by the ultrasonic thickness gauges and flaw detectors (Tesfaye et al. 2019). The system is an alternative to the systems that use mechanical scanners, encoders, and sophisticated UT machines. It used a camera to record the probe’s movement and a projected laser grid obtained by a laser pattern generator to locate the probe on the inspected surface. In this paper, a novel system is proposed to be applied to flat surfaces, in addition to overcoming the other limitations posed due to the use of the laser projection. The proposed system uses two video cameras, one to monitor the probe’s movement on the inspected surface and the other to capture the corresponding digital readout of the thickness gauge. The acquired images of the probe’s position and thickness gauge readout are processed to plot the measured data in a 2D color-coded map. The system is meant to be simpler and more effective than the previous development.

ANACONDA ALLOY 1870

Alloy Digest ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Hydrogen Embrittlement ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Conductivity ◽  
Reducing Atmosphere

Abstract ANACONDA Alloy 1870 is a free-cutting high-conductivity copper. It is a deoxidized copper with lead added to impart free-cutting properties. The various and unusual properties of Alloy 1870 make it suitable for many applications in the manufacture of parts machined from rods and for current-carrying studs, nuts and bolts designed for use at normal temperatures. Because it is deoxidized, it is not susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement if heated in a reducing atmosphere. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-318. Producer or source: Anaconda American Brass Company.

CHASE 14310

Alloy Digest ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Thermal Softening ◽  
High Conductivity ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract CHASE 14310 is a high-conductivity copper with excellent resistance to thermal softening. It is a deoxidized, electronic grade of copper with excellent formability, weldability and plateability. It is available in strip form and has a wide range of applications. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Cu-341. Producer or source: Chase Brass & Copper Company Inc..

ALCOA 1XXX SERIES

Alloy Digest ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
High Purity ◽  
High Conductivity ◽  
Good Corrosion Resistance

Abstract Aluminum 1xxx series alloys are nonhardenable by heat treatment. They have high purity, high conductivity, and good corrosion resistance and are easily formed. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, tensile properties, and shear strength. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: AL-395. Producer or source: Alcoa Engineered Products.

MUELLER ALLOY 1450

Alloy Digest ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Conductivity ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Screw Machine ◽  
Machining Characteristics

Abstract MUELLER Alloy 1450 (formerly MBCo Alloy 799) is a high-conductivity copper containing sufficient small copper telluride particles to provide free-machining characteristics superior to those of any other high-conductivity copper. It has the same general corrosion resistance as copper. It is used widely for electrical or thermal conductors requiring extensive machining and for screw-machine products requiring a color that matches pure copper. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-389. Producer or source: Mueller Brass Company.

OLIN C195

Alloy Digest ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Conductivity

Abstract Olin C195 is a high-strength, high-conductivity copper alloy developed for applications in current-carrying parts. Typical applications are electrical springs, connectors, and clips. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CU-649. Producer or source: Olin Brass.

KEMPER C688

Alloy Digest ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Conductivity ◽  
Bend Strength ◽  
Very High

Abstract Alloy C688 is a high-performance copper alloy with very high conductivity. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and bend strength. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming and joining. Filing Code: Cu-867. Producer or source: Gebr. Kemper GmbH + Company KG Metallwerke.

KEMPER KHP7025

Alloy Digest ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Conductivity ◽  
Bend Strength ◽  
Very High

Abstract Alloy KHP 7025 (UNS C70250) is a high-performance copper alloy with very high conductivity. Uses include connector springs, tabs, contact springs, switches, relays, and leadframes. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and bend strength. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-865. Producer or source: Gebr. Kemper GmbH + Company KG Metallwerke.

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