Characteristics of germanium resistance thermometers from 1 to 35 K and the ISU magnetic temperature scale

1978 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 1027-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Anderson ◽  
C. A. Swenson
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Scale ◽  
Resistance Thermometers

Calibration and Application Techniques for Platinum Resistance Thermometers

1972 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Benedict ◽  
R. J. Russo
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Temperature Scale ◽  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
Platinum Resistance ◽  
Platinum Resistance Thermometers ◽  
Resistance Thermometers ◽  
Application Techniques ◽  
Practical Temperature ◽  
Practical Temperature Scale ◽  
Resistance Thermometry

The International Practical Temperature Scale has been redefined recently. It follows that the interpolating equations relating platinum resistance to temperature must be reevaluated for all platinum resistance thermometers which are used as standards for calibration work. After a brief review of the former calibration procedure, the new temperature scale is discussed as it affects resistance thermometry in the temperature range from 0 C to 630.74 C. An example based on new experimental data is given to illustrate the method of determining thermometer constants for the new scale, and to indicate the magnitude of the changes required.

The freezing point of zinc as a primary point of the International Temperature Scale

1958 ◽  
Vol 247 (1249) ◽  
pp. 214-224 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Scale ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Platinum Resistance ◽  
International Temperature Scale ◽  
International Temperature ◽  
Platinum Resistance Thermometers ◽  
Resistance Thermometers ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurement ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Freezing Point Of Zinc

The technique is described of achieving the highest accuracy of measurement with platinum-resistance thermometers at the freezing point of zinc and the boiling point of sulphur. The two points are compared in a series of measurements and it is found that the zinc point is some three or four times more reproducible than the sulphur point. It is concluded that the substitution of the zinc point for the sulphur point as a primary fixed point of the International Temperature Scale would lead to a greater precision in the definition of the scale. The value of the freezing point of zinc is found to be 419∙5055 ± 0∙002°C.

The freezing points of high-purity metals as precision temperature standards. VIIIb. Sb: Liquidus points and alloy melting ranges of seven samples of high-purity antimony; temperature-scale realization and reliability in the range 0–631 °C

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 401-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. McLaren ◽  
E. G. Murdock
Keyword(s):  
High Purity ◽  
Temperature Scale ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Detector Response ◽  
Impurity Effects ◽  
Liquidus Point ◽  
Resistance Thermometers ◽  
Precision Temperature ◽  
Standard Pressure ◽  
Temperature Interpolation

An investigation was made of the freezing and melting temperatures of seven samples of high-purity antimony, five with analyzed impurity contents ranging from <0.3 to <0.7 p.p.m. (wt.) and two with impurity contents of ~10 and ~100 p.p.m. (wt.) respectively. The Sb melts had to be deoxidized in situ to eliminate the effect of dissolved oxygen (gaseous or oxide form), which was found to cause large depressions and instabilities in the liquidus-point temperatures. A variation of 0.0026 °C in liquidus point was found among the five purest samples, but the standard deviation for a single determination of the liquidus point realized on outside-nucleated slow induced freezes (ONSIF) of any given sample was [Formula: see text]. The best Sb samples had nonequilibrium alloy melting ranges of a few centidegrees which are distinctly inferior to melting ranges of only a few millidegrees found on samples of Sn, Zn, and Pb with similar analyzed impurity contents: the inferiority is attributed to residual impurity effects in the Sb samples and not to either lag in detector response or anomalous molecular effects in the melting Sb. A value of 630.553 (°C Int./60) was determined for the liquidus point at standard pressure of the purest NRC Sb sample.After establishing the Sb point, eight silica-sheathed standard resistance thermometers were intercompared at the ice, Sn, Cd, Zn, and Sb points to provide information at the highest precision on stabilities of fixed-point realizations and resistance thermometers, inter-thermometer variations, advantages of particular quadratic resistance–temperature interpolation relations, preferred calibrating procedures and thermometer handling techniques, and temperature-scale stability and reliability over the full range 0–631 °C.

THE CALIBRATION OF PLATINUM RESISTANCE THERMOMETERS IN THE TEMPERATURE RANGE 11° TO 90°K

1951 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Los ◽  
J. A. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Temperature Scale ◽  
Platinum Resistance ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
International Temperature Scale ◽  
International Temperature ◽  
Platinum Resistance Thermometers ◽  
Resistance Thermometers ◽  
Corrective Term ◽  
Low Temperature Calorimetry

A set of six platinum resistance thermometers of a form suitable for low temperature calorimetry has been made and calibrated in the region 11° to 90°K. by intercomparison with a similar thermometer which had been calibrated at the National Bureau of Standards. Above 90°K. calibration has been made on the International Temperature Scale.Using the intercomparison data, it has been possible to derive a method whereby for these thermometers the scale for the region 20° to 90°K. may be found to within 0.002°C. by means of fixed points. The method applies a 'Z function' of the type used at the National Bureau of Standards (13), plus a corrective term which depends upon the resistance of the thermometer at the boiling point of hydrogen and upon the normal constants which are determined for the International Temperature Scale above 90°K.

scholarly journals Matrix Presentation of Uncertainties Propagation in the Realization of ITS-90 Temperature Scale using Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometers

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Rudolf Palenčár ◽  
Stanislav Ďuriš ◽  
Jakub Palenčár ◽  
Martin Halaj ◽  
Ľubomír Šooš
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Points ◽  
Temperature Scale ◽  
Platinum Resistance ◽  
Matrix Approach ◽  
Platinum Resistance Thermometers ◽  
Resistance Thermometers ◽  
Propagation Of Uncertainties ◽  
Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometers

AbstractThe paper presents a matrix approach to the propagation of uncertainties in the realization of the ITS-90 using Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometers (SPRT) calibrated at Defining Fixed Points (DFPs). The procedure allows correlations to be included between SPRT resistances measured during the calibration at the DFPs (i.e., the realization of the ITS-90) and the resistances measured during the subsequent use of the SPRT to measure temperature T90. The example also shows the possible contribution of these correlations to the overall temperature uncertainty measured by a calibrated SPRT.

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