Gain characteristics of erbium‐doped single‐mode fiber amplifiers operated at liquid‐nitrogen temperature

1990 ◽  
Vol 56 (23) ◽  
pp. 2273-2275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Shimizu ◽  
Makoto Yamada ◽  
Masaharu Horiguchi ◽  
Etsuji Sugita
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen Temperature ◽  
Single Mode Fiber ◽  
Fiber Amplifiers ◽  
Erbium Doped

Switchable and tunable linear cavity erbium-doped fiber laser based on FBGs embedded in Sagnac rings

Laser Physics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 015101
Author(s):  
Gangxiao Yan ◽  
Weihua Zhang ◽  
Peng Li ◽  
Qiuhao Jiang ◽  
Meng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Single Mode Fiber ◽  
Hole Burning ◽  
Linear Cavity ◽  
Erbium Doped ◽  
Optical Fiber Sensing ◽  
Birefringence Effect

Abstract A switchable and tunable erbium-doped fiber laser with a linear cavity based on fiber Bragg gratings embedded in Sagnac rings is proposed and experimentally verified. Due to the stress birefringence effect and the polarized hole burning effect, which are introduced into the single-mode fiber in the polarization controllers (PCs) by the PCs, the designed laser can achieve seven kinds of laser-states output including three kinds of single-wavelength laser states, three kinds of dual-wavelength laser states and one kind of triple-wavelength laser state. The optical signal-to-noise ratios of the output wavelengths are all higher than 52 dB, and the wavelength shifts are all less than 0.04 nm. Furthermore, the temperature tuning of the wavelength range is also researched, which is about 1.2 nm. Due to advantages, such as low cost, simple structure, easy switching and multiple laser states, the designed laser has great application potential in laser radar, optical fiber sensing and so on.

2-Gbit/s signal amplification at lambda =1.53 mu m in an erbium-doped single-mode fiber amplifier

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.R. Giles ◽  
E. Desurvire ◽  
J.R. Talman ◽  
J.R. Simpson ◽  
P.C. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Signal Amplification ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Fiber Amplifier ◽  
Single Mode Fiber ◽  
Erbium Doped

Splice Loss Optimization of Single Mode Fiber and Erbium Doped Fiber—Experiments and Issues

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salil Pradhan ◽  
John Arbulich ◽  
K. Srihari
Keyword(s):  
Noise Figure ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Single Mode Fiber ◽  
Optical Signals ◽  
Splice Loss ◽  
Mode Field ◽  
Mode Field Diameter ◽  
Erbium Doped ◽  
Spectral Attenuation ◽  
The One

In metro and long haul networking applications, Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs) are used to amplify weak optical signals. Manufacturing of EDFAs is primarily a fusion splicing process in which both Single Mode Fibers (SMFs) and Erbium Doped Fibers (EDFs) are utilized. One of the critical operations is the splicing of an SMF to an EDF, a dissimilar fiber splicing process. Splice losses between these fibers need to be optimized, and the process is highly reliant on the properties of the EDF. Mode Field Diameter (MFD), spectral attenuation at peak wavelength and concentration of erbium along its length vary from batch to batch. The splice loss is dependent on some of these properties and must be taken into consideration. With this background, research was conducted to study the properties of EDFs and its applicability in the splicing process. Having considered the characteristics of the EDF in different wavelength regions, experiments were designed to optimize the losses between an SMF and an EDF. In the C-band (1525–1565 nm), erbium atoms absorb most of the transmitted power (in absence of a 980/1480 nm laser pump). Splice losses measured in these regions are dependent upon the absorption properties and would not depict a true picture of the splice loss. Since the incident power is absorbed, an alternate approach would be to launch extremely low power (<−27 dBm). In this case, the absorption losses should be minimal. As C-band is highly absorptive, launching power in the range of 1310 nm would be another possible scenario. The ‘cutback’ method was also employed to determine the losses in the C-band region. Statistical methods such as the Design of Experiments (DOE) were used to study the properties of the EDF and its response to various splicing parameters and wavelengths. Splice loss trends at various power levels were also investigated. The primary intent of these experiments was to translate the results and their utility into the manufacturing of EDFAs, wherein a multitude factors creep into the splicing scenario. The best method would be the one that consistently yields a low splice loss, since these are critical to minimize the noise figure of the EDFA.

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