Alternate Load Paths in Historic Truss Bridges: New Approaches for Preservation

Alternative Load Paths in Steel through-Truss Bridges: Case Study

Journal of Bridge Engineering ◽

10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0000436 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (9) ◽

pp. 920-928 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Su Liu ◽

F. Michael Bartlett ◽

Wenxing Zhou

Keyword(s):

Truss Bridges ◽

Load Paths

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High Resolution Modeling and Modeling of Connections in Pony-Truss Bridges

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.1177/0361198118792126 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2672 (41) ◽

pp. 186-195

Author(s):

Martin A. Butler ◽

James A. Swanson ◽

Gian A. Rassati ◽

Eric F. Dues

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

High Resolution ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Load Path ◽

Element Analysis ◽

Gusset Plates ◽

Truss Bridges ◽

Load Paths ◽

Pinned Connections ◽

Truss Bridge

Pony-truss bridges are usually modeled using simplifying assumptions, such as pinned connections and analyzing the trusses separately from the rest of the structure. Pony-truss bridges are also generally designated as possessing many Fracture Critical Members (FCM), a characteristic that requires more rigorous inspections. Eliminating or reducing the number of FCM is desirable as it reduces inspection costs. A high-resolution model of a pony-truss bridge was assembled in ABAQUS CAE that explicitly models the behavior of the gusset plates in the connections and the angles in the framed stringer connections. This model indicated alternative load paths that are potential sources of redundancy useful for retrofit or reclassification of bridges with FCM designation. Higher-resolution models of framed stringer connections were also made in ABAQUS CAE using solid elements explicitly modeling the bolted connections. The connections were loaded in tension; what the stringers must hold if they supply an alternative load path for the truss in the event of fracture in the bottom chord. The primary objective of the work described is to provide high-resolution finite element analysis results that can be used to create general behavior for lower-resolution finite element models used in fracture critical analyses to reclassify FCM as non-fracture critical. The results of high-resolution modeling reveal the behavior that is necessary to include in these lower-resolution models, as well as potential alternative load paths. Lower-resolution models are assembled in SAP2000 and matched to the higher-resolution models.

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Beyond autism: Challenging unexamined assumptions about social motivation in typical development

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x18002273 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

Author(s):

Karen Bartsch ◽

David Estes

Keyword(s):

Social Interest ◽

Social Motivation ◽

Typical Development ◽

Typically Developing ◽

New Approaches

Abstract In challenging the assumption of autistic social uninterest, Jaswal & Akhtar have opened the door to scrutinizing similar unexamined assumptions embedded in other literatures, such as those on children's typically developing behaviors regarding others’ minds and morals. Extending skeptical analysis to other areas may reveal new approaches for evaluating competing claims regarding social interest in autistic individuals.

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