Experimental Acoustic Velocity Measurements in a Tidally Affected Stream

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Storm
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Velocity ◽  
Velocity Measurements

Acoustic Velocity Measurements and Interpretation for Challenging Fluid Systems

SPE Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 103-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Lewis ◽  
Birol Dindoruk
Keyword(s):  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Isothermal Compressibility ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Acoustic Velocity ◽  
Hydrocarbon Mixture ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Velocity Measurements ◽  
Numerical Work ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Quality Control Tool

Summary In terms of experimentation, acoustic velocity can be measured with a high degree of accuracy. Several thermodynamic properties related to acoustic velocity such as density, isothermal compressibility, and heat capacity can be extracted from measured data. In this study, technical improvements are implemented in an effort to develop a technique for fast and reliable determination of fluid properties on the basis of acoustic velocity measurements over an expanded range of pressures. The potential use of this device as a quality-control tool in typical pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) measurements is demonstrated. Baseline measurements matched to published literature verify the suitability of the device. Results of tests on three recombined oil samples containing dissolved gas, with prescribed gas/oil ratios (GORs), and one bitumen sample are presented. A sharp change in the acoustic velocity trend near the gas/liquid-saturation point is evidence of gas evolution during depressurization. Strong attenuation complicates measurement of acoustic velocity on the heavy fluids used in this study. Blending bitumen with a midrange-molecular-weight hydrocarbon mixture enables estimation of the undiluted-fluid acoustic velocity by extrapolation. By use of the measured acoustic velocity data available, a methodology is developed to estimate and quality check measured isothermal compressibility (κT) values. This is especially important for low-compressibility systems. Heat-capacity data for simple alkanes (CH4 to n-C10) and toluene helps to define a reasonable range of heat-capacity ratio (γ) expected for typical reservoir fluids. For the typical values of acoustic velocity encountered in the pressure and temperature range of interest, the isothermal compressibility can be calculated and/or quality checked by use of estimated values of γ. In addition, by use of various data sets and by performing graphical error analysis, we have shown the reasons that the methodology works. Available data for n-decane and n-hexadecane along with measured data for a live oil and numerical work on calibrated data sets in this study are used to develop the methodology.

Acoustic Phase Velocity Measurements along General Directions in Non-Isotropic Crystals. I. Elastic Properties of Monoclinic K3Co(CN)6

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1597-1605 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. Chou ◽  
S. L. McBride ◽  
N. Rumin
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Constants ◽  
Experimental Error ◽  
Acoustic Velocity ◽  
Acoustic Energy ◽  
Perturbation Calculation ◽  
Velocity Measurements ◽  
Phase Velocities ◽  
Low Symmetry ◽  
Acoustic Phase

The complete elastic constants tensor of monoclinic potassium cobalticyanide [K3Co(CN)6] has been determined from measured ultrasonic phase velocities. These were obtained as a function of direction in several crystal planes by measuring the acoustic energy reflection coefficient at a liquid–solid interface as a function of angle and plane of incidence. The measurements were made at 27.6 MHz in p-xylene at 21.5 °C. The elastic constants were determined using an existing perturbation method. Velocities calculated from the derived elastic constants are in agreement with the measured velocities to within experimental error and the approximations in the perturbation calculation. The usefulness of this method for the determination of the elastic constants of low symmetry crystals is thus established. The Debye temperature of K3Co(CN)6 is estimated from the results to be 290 ± 10 °K with a corresponding mean acoustic velocity of 2560 ± 80 m/s.

Acoustic Velocity Measurements for Various Directions of Solid n-D2at 136 kbar and 300 K by Billouin Scattering in a Diamond Anvil Cell

1983 ◽  
Vol 22 (Part 1, No. 1) ◽  
pp. 52-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyasu Shimizu ◽  
Takao Kumazawa ◽  
Edward M. Brody ◽  
Ho K. Mao ◽  
Peter M. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Diamond Anvil Cell ◽  
Acoustic Velocity ◽  
Velocity Measurements ◽  
Diamond Anvil

Thermodynamic properties of liquid gallium from picosecond acoustic velocity measurements

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (27) ◽  
pp. 275103 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ayrinhac ◽  
M Gauthier ◽  
G Le Marchand ◽  
M Morand ◽  
F Bergame ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Acoustic Velocity ◽  
Liquid Gallium ◽  
Velocity Measurements
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