scholarly journals The Impact of Rate Regulation in U.S. Property-Liability Insurance Markets: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Individual Firm Loss Ratios

1987 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
J David Cummins ◽  
Scott E Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Liability Insurance ◽  
Insurance Markets ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rate Regulation ◽  
Individual Firm ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Evolution of the burden of active hepatitis C virus infection in England from September 2015 to September 2016: a repeated cross-sectional analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e029066
Author(s):  
Laure Lacoin ◽  
Michael Hurst ◽  
Nathan R Hill ◽  
Jason Gordon ◽  
Anna Maria Geretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Cure ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Cure Rates ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of treatment with new direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) on the prevalent hepatitis C virus (HCV) population in England.DesignA repeated cross-sectional analysis.SettingFour secondary care hospitals in England.ParticipantsPatients who, in 2015 and/or 2016, had chronic HCV infection and were alive were eligible, regardless of the type of HCV intervention received.Outcome measuresData including intravenous drug use (IVDU) status, HCV genotype, cirrhosis status, HCV treatment history, vital status and treatment outcomes were collected at two time points in 2015 and 2016 using electronic case report forms.ResultsThere were 1605 and 1355 patients with active chronic HCV in 2015 and 2016, respectively. Between 2015 and 2016, the proportion of patients with current IVDU increased (10.3% vs 14.5%, respectively), while that of patients with cirrhosis (28.2% vs 22.4%) and treatment-experienced patients (31.2% vs 27.1%) decreased. Among patients whose treatment outcome was known by 2016, high cure rates were observed, with an overall sustained virological response rate of 93.2%. From 2015 to 2016, there was a progressive increase in the proportion of treated patients who were non-cirrhotic, with current IVDU and non-liver transplant recipients.ConclusionsThe characteristics of patients with HCV remaining in contact with specialised care evolved with a changing landscape of treatment and related health policy. With increasing access to DAAs in UK, high cure rates were achieved in the study cohort.

scholarly journals Cannabis use and work-related injuries: a cross-sectional analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 570-577
Author(s):  
J C Zhang ◽  
N Carnide ◽  
L Holness ◽  
P Cram
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Cannabis User ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Work Related Injury ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Although the association of cannabis use with automobile accidents has been well-studied, the impact of cannabis on workplace safety and injuries is less clear. Aims The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between work-related injury and cannabis use in the past year. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the Canadian Community Health Survey (2013–16) of working individuals. We used multiple logistic regression modelling to calculate the odds of experiencing a work-related injury (defined as non-repetitive strain injury) among workers who reported using cannabis more than once during the prior 12 months as compared to non-users. We repeated the analysis among participants working in high injury risk occupational groups only. Results Among the 136 536 working participants, 2577 (2%) had a work-related injury in the last 12 months. Of these 2577 who had a work-related injury, 4% also reported being a cannabis user in the same period. We found no association between past-year cannabis use and work-related injury (odds ratio for work injury among users 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.66–0.99). The association was unchanged in the subgroup analysis limited to high injury risk occupational groups. Conclusions We found no evidence that cannabis users experienced higher rates of work-related injuries. While awaiting prospective studies, occupational medicine practitioners should take a risk-based approach to drafting workplace cannabis policies.

The impact of human papillomavirus genotype on colposcopic appearance: a cross-sectional analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 121 (9) ◽  
pp. 1117-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
J van der Marel ◽  
R van Baars ◽  
WGV Quint ◽  
J Berkhof ◽  
M del Pino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Effect of stroke early supported discharge on length of hospital stay: analysis from a national stroke registry

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e043480
Author(s):  
Rebecca J Fisher ◽  
Adrian Byrne ◽  
Niki Chouliara ◽  
Sarah Lewis ◽  
Lizz Paley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Care Pathway ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Early Supported Discharge ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveThe first observational study to investigate the impact of early supported discharge (ESD) on length of hospital stay in real-world conditions.DesignUsing historical prospective Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme (SSNAP) data (1 January 2013–31 December 2016) and multilevel modelling, cross-sectional (2015–2016; 30 791 patients nested within 55 hospitals) and repeated cross-sectional (2013–2014 vs 2015–2016; 49 266 patients nested within 41 hospitals) analyses were undertaken.SettingHospitals were sampled across a large geographical area of England covering the West and East Midlands, the East of England and the North of England.ParticipantsStroke patients whose data were entered into the SSNAP database by hospital teams.InterventionsReceiving ESD along the patient care pathway.Primary and secondary outcome measuresLength of hospital stay.ResultsWhen adjusted for important case-mix variables, patients who received ESD on their stroke care pathway spent longer in hospital, compared with those who did not receive ESD. The percentage increase was 15.8% (95% CI 12.3% to 19.4%) for the 2015–2016 cross-sectional analysis and 18.8% (95% CI 13.9% to 24.0%) for the 2013–2014 versus 2015–2016 repeated cross-sectional analysis. On average, the increased length of hospital stay was approximately 1 day.ConclusionsThis study has shown that by comparing ESD and non-ESD patient groups matched for important patient characteristics, receiving ESD resulted in a 1-day increase in length of hospital stay. The large reduction in length of hospital stay overall, since original trials were conducted, may explain why a reduction was not observed. The longer term benefits of accessing ESD need to be investigated further.Trial registration numberhttp://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN15568163.

scholarly journals The use of person-first language in scientific literature focused on drug-seeking behavior: a cross-sectional analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Sharp ◽  
Jaclyn Slattery ◽  
Austin Johnson ◽  
Trevor Torgerson ◽  
Ryan Ottwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
First Language ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drug Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Context: Person first language (PFL) – a way of referring to individuals with medical conditions or disability that emphasizes the person over their condition or disability – is important in reducing the stigma surrounding individuals who exhibit drug-seeking behavior. Drug-seeking behavior is generally associated with a negative connotation by healthcare professionals, which may create poor provider perceptions of these individuals and potentially impact patient care. Therefore, to reduce stigmatization surrounding drug-seeking behavior and to improve patient care in these individuals, the use of PFL should be promoted. Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to investigate how frequently research articles focused on drug-seeking behavior adhere to PFL. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis systematically searching PubMed for articles published between May 1, 2011, and April 30, 2020, focused on drug-seeking behavior. To be included, the article must have met the following criteria: (1) published in a peer-reviewed journal; (2) relevant to drug-seeking behavior; and (3) must include human subjects and be retrievable in English. All articles were screened and data were extracted independently in a masked, duplicate fashion. Each article was reviewed for 19 predefined non-PFL terms with certain terms adopted from the American Medical Association Manual of Style. Results: Our search returned 699 articles related to drug-seeking behavior, of which 390 articles met inclusion criteria and were analyzed for non-PFL. Our analysis found only 13.6% (53/390) of articles adhered to PFL while 86.4% (337/390) of articles contained at least some form of non-PFL. There was no association between PFL adherence and extracted study characteristics. Conclusions: PFL adherence is uncommon among research literature focused on drug-seeking behavior. The power of language can be profound, and should be understood by researchers, health care providers, and educators alike, specifically when dealing with known and exhibited characteristics of substance use disorders. This is relevant because of the high prevalence of substance use disorders, limited amount of prior research, and the impact stigma has on patients and healthcare providers.

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