Gender Equity and Public Policies in Latin America: Opportunities and Risks in the PRS Approach

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-301
Author(s):  
Geske Dijkstra
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Public Policies

Public policies of connectivity in Latin America in the context of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-136
Author(s):  
Bernadette Califano ◽  
Martín Becerra
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Status ◽  
Telecommunications Policies ◽  
Latin American Countries

This article analyses the digital policies introduced in different Latin American countries during the first three months after the outbreak of COVID-19 reached the region (March–June 2020). This analysis has a three-fold objective: (a) to give an overview of the status of connectivity in five big Latin American countries – Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico; (b) to study comparatively the actions and regulations implemented on connectivity matters by the governments of each country to face the pandemic; and (c) to provide insights in relation with telecommunications policies in the context of pandemic emergence at a regional level. To that end, this study will consider legal regulations and specific public policies in this field, official documents from the public and private sectors, and statistics on ICT access and usage in the region.

AI Public Policies in Latin America: Disruption or more of the same?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Zambrano ◽  
Jenny Marcela Sanchez-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Public Policies

Ethics, health policy, and Zika: From emergency to global epidemic?

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Euzebiusz Jamrozik ◽  
Michael J Selgelid
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Global Epidemic

Zika virus was recognised in 2016 as an important vector-borne cause of congenital malformations and Guillain-Barré syndrome, during a major epidemic in Latin America, centred in Northeastern Brazil. The WHO and Pan American Health Organisation (PAHO), with partner agencies, initiated a coordinated global response including public health intervention and urgent scientific research, as well as ethical analysis as a vital element of policy design. In this paper, we summarise the major ethical issues raised during the Zika epidemic, highlighting the PAHO ethics guidance and the role of ethics in emergency responses, before turning to ethical issues that are yet to be resolved. Zika raises traditional bioethical issues related to reproduction, prenatal diagnosis of serious malformations and unjust disparities in health outcomes. But the epidemic has also highlighted important issues of growing interest in public health ethics, such as the international spread of infectious disease; the central importance of reproductive healthcare in preventing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality; diagnostic and reporting biases; vector control and the links between vectors, climate change, and disparities in the global burden of disease. Finally, there are controversies regarding Zika vaccine research and eventual deployment. Zika virus was a neglected disease for over 50 years before the outbreak in Brazil. As it continues to spread, public health agencies should promote gender equity and disease control efforts in Latin America, while preparing for the possibility of a global epidemic.

scholarly journals Adolescent pregnancy, public policies, and targeted programs in Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Clara Rodríguez Ribas
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Adolescent Pregnancy ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Proximate Determinants ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Policies And Programs

Objective. To present and assess evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) on public policies and targeted programs which may have influenced variations in adolescent pregnancy or its proximate determinants, and to identify knowledge gaps that require further research. Methods. A systematic review was performed based on the 2015 PRISMA protocol. Five databases were searched for articles published between 2000 and 2019 that refer to at least one country in LAC. The outcomes of interest were adolescent pregnancy or its proximate determinants (sexual behavior, contraceptive use, and/ or abortion). Only studies exploring correlations between the outcomes of interest and public policies or targeted programs were included in the analysis. Results. Thirty studies spanning 14 countries were selected for analysis. Twenty-three of these (77%) were not included in prior systematic reviews on adolescent pregnancy. Public policies related to conditional cash transfers and compulsory education have the strongest evidence of correlation with adolescent pregnancy prevention. Emerging research points to the potential positive impact of life-skills programs for adolescents. Evidence from public health policies and programs was limited. Conclusions. Further research which incorporates an intersectional analysis is needed to better understand which policies and programs could lead to steeper declines in adolescent pregnancy in the region. Evidence on effects of expanded family planning services and secondary school attainment upon adolescent pregnancy are particularly absent.

Authoritarianism and the Growth of the State in Latin America

1980 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin A. Most
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Authoritarian Rule ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Time Series Analyses ◽  
Bureaucratic State

The discussion focuses on the effects that changing forms of authoritarian rule and the growth of a bureaucratic state had on A gentine public policies during the 1930-1970 interval. Hitherto quite separate literatures are brought together in the examination of two different arguments. The first, drawn from the emerging literature on authoritarianism and corporatism in Latin America, suggests that the trends in Argentine public policies should have been interrupted whenever different types of authoritarian coalitions sequentially replaced each other in power. The second thesis, drawn primarily from research on Latin American bureaucracies and North American policy analyses, suggests that there is a need to disaggregate the coalition/policy linkage. It hypothesizes that four factors which developed at about the midpoint of the 1930-1970 period in Argentina—the growth of a large and well-entrenched public sector, limitations on the ability of political elites to press their policy demands, limitations on previously uncommitted resources, and the existence of a crisis of hegemony—should have increasingly constrained the policy-making importance of the coalitions and the leaders who represented them in the highest levels of government. Coalitions and elites should have been increasingly unable to direct and indirect policies in the ways which they preferred. Interrupted time-series analyses of seven policy series provided support for the constraints thesis. Coalitions and those who governed at the top were once important in Argentina as the authoritarian literature suggests. Coalition changes did not occur in a vacuum, however. Once the four state-related constraints developed, such shifts came to have only marginal impacts on the examined policy indicators.

scholarly journals Educomunicação e alfabetização midiática: diálogos freireanos na América Latina

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Elizandra Jackiw ◽  
Sônia Maria Chaves Haracemiv
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Media Education ◽  
Communication Education ◽  
Electronic Library ◽  
School Practices ◽  
The Subject ◽  
America Latina

This article presents the contributions of Paulo Freire’s thinking to Media and Education studies and the construction of the concept of Educommunication. For this purpose, a mapping of scientific productions on the theme in Latin America was carried out, with the aim of raising the main fundamentals and recurrent authors in the publications analyzed and their articulation with Freire’s assumptions in the field of Media-Education. It was a qualitative study, whose methodological path included systematic and integrative reviews of selected articles in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) database from 2011 to 2019. The discussion signals that the educommunicative field and its multidisciplinary performance emerged and was consolidated from Paulo Freire’s assumptions about communication/education interface and was developed through public policies and school practices that aimed at the emancipation of the subject.

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