scholarly journals What Can the Developed World Learn from the Latin American Debt and Mexican Peso Crisis?

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-13
Author(s):  
Guillermo Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Mexican Peso ◽  
Developed World

scholarly journals Survival and Clinical Behavior of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in a Latin American Cohort in Contrast to Cohorts from the Developed World

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilda Espinola-Zavaleta ◽  
Antonio Vega ◽  
Diego Martínez Basto ◽  
Ana Cecilia Alcantar-Fernández ◽  
Veronica Guarner Lans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Clinical Behavior ◽  
Developed World

scholarly journals Chinese renminbi, Mexican peso U.S. dollar exchange rates and their competitive positions in export markets

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Chu V. Nguyen ◽  
Muhammad Mahboob Ali ◽  
Cory Angert
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
Real Exchange Rates ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Mexican Peso ◽  
Chinese Yuan

Since, in the NAFTA era, the Mexican economy is much more advanced in the manufacturing sector than those of other Latin American countries, Mexico competes directly with China for U.S. imports. This study empirically investigates the behavior of the Mexican peso/Chinese yuan, Mexican peso/U.S. dollar, and Chinese yuan/U.S. dollar real exchange rates to determine whether the exchange rate policies serve as contributing factors to the subpar performance of the Mexican economy. The empirical findings suggest that the Mexican, Chinese, and U.S. real exchange rates, over the sample period, prove consistent with predations of the purchasing power parity theory; therefore, exchange rate policies may not be a contributing factor to the poor performance of the Mexican economy

Imperialism and Dependency in Latin America: A View of the New Reality of Multinational Investment

1973 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Martin Moore
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Latin American ◽  
International System ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
System A ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Developed World

The fundamental reality of Latin America during the 1970s will be the efforts of governments to reduce their countries' dependence on the developed world and thereby increase their autonomy within the international system. A salient aspect of this effort is and will be a redefinition of the role multinational corporations play in Latin American societies. Foreign investment will continue to play an important part in the economic life of the region, but the acceptable characteristics and behaviors of multinational corporations will differ substantially from those which were prevalent in the 1950s and 1960s.The rationale for a restructuring of the relationship of Latin American economies with the system of international trade and investment is found in the writings of “dependence theorists” such as Theotonio Dos Santos (1970) and Osvaldo Sunkel (1972). In a sense, their approach can be seen as a development of the Prebisch thesis of the 1950s, which held that Latin American economies were being systematically diverted from attaining their true potential through the workings of the international trade mechanism.

Foreign exchange exposure in Latin America: evidence for Spanish firms

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 212-238
Author(s):  
María Milagros Vivel-Búa ◽  
Rubén Lado-Sestayo
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Temporal Frequency ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Currency Risk ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Generalised Method Of Moments ◽  
Mexican Peso ◽  
Number Of Firms

Objective The purpose of this paper is to analyse the Spanish business sector’s economic exposure to currency risk in Latin America between 2010 and 2016, testing the effectiveness of hedging with derivatives for the reduction of this risk. Methodology Economic exposure is tested with the Jorion model (1990) using both a currency basket and an individualised analysis for the main currencies sustaining business activities between Spain and Latin America: the Mexican peso, Brazilian real, Argentine peso, Chilean peso, and Colombian peso. For the hedging analysis, dynamic panel data models were estimated using a generalised method of moments. Results The results reveal that the number of firms with significant economic exposure is sensitive to the temporal frequency of the observations. The evidence denotes that the firms’ export profile is predominant, both when considering a basket of Latin American currencies and when individually considering the five main pairs of currencies. The only exception is the Argentine peso, where firms’ import profile is slightly higher. The Chilean peso stands out as the currency with the greatest number of firms with significant exposure. Originality This work provides unpublished evidence on economic exposure to currency risk in Latin America in a recent period characterised by two main aspects: an important devaluation of some Latin American currencies with respect to the euro; and an enhancement of Spanish business activities in the region to favour growth during the recent recession of the Spanish economy.

scholarly journals The Spill Over of Crime from Urban Centers: An Account of the Changing Spatial Distribution of Violent Crime in Guyana

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony R. Cummings ◽  
Nakul Markandey ◽  
Hannah Das ◽  
Celina Arredondo ◽  
Aaran Wehenkel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Violent Crime ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Hotspot Analysis ◽  
Urban Settings ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Developed World

As the rate of crime decelerates in the developed world, the opposite phenomenon is being observed in the developing world, including Latin America and the Caribbean. Crime in Latin America and the Caribbean has been concentrated in urban settings, but the expertise for studying crime and providing guidance on policing remain heavily rooted in the developed world. A hindrance to studying crime in the developing world is the difficulty in obtaining official data, allowing for generalizations on where crime is concentrated to persist. This paper tackles two challenges facing crime analysis in the developing world: the availability of data and an examination of whether crime is concentrated in urban settings. We utilized newspaper archival data to study the spatial distribution of crime in Guyana, South America, across the landscape, and in relation to rural indigenous villages. Three spatial analysis tools, hotspot analysis, mean center, and standard deviation ellipse were used to examine the changing distribution of crime across 20 years. Based on 3900 reports of violent crime, our analyses suggest that the center of the gravity of crime changed over the years, spilling over to indigenous peoples’ landscapes. An examination of murder, where firearms and bladed weapons were the weapons of choice, suggests that these weapons moved beyond the coastal zone. The movement of weapons away from the coast raises concerns for the security of indigenous peoples and their associated wildlife. Our analysis suggests that policing measures should seek to extend towards Amerindian landscapes, and this is perhaps indicative of Latin American states with demographics similar to Guyana’s.

The Gender Gap in Latin America: Contextual and Individual Influences on Gender and Political Participation

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Desposato ◽  
Barbara Norrander
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Many Core ◽  
Developed World

While a substantial literature explores gender differences in participation in the United States, Commonwealth countries and Western Europe, little attention has been given to gender’s impact on participation in the developing world. These countries have diverse experiences with gender politics: some have been leaders in suffrage reforms and equal rights, while, in others, divorce has only recently been legalized. This article examines the relationship between gender and participation in seventeen Latin American countries. Many core results from research in the developed world hold in Latin America as well. Surprisingly, however, there is no evidence that economic development provides an impetus for more equal levels of participation. Instead, the most important contextual factors are civil liberties and women’s presence among the visible political elite.

scholarly journals Mexico: COVID-19 – a lethal virus for the Aztec economy or a possibility of generating antibodies to underdevelopment?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
A. C. Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Central American ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
The Face ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
Mexican Peso

The present article is devoted to the analysis of the effects o the COVID-19 pandemic on Mexico’s international relations and the feasible consequences that may be tracked in the short and medium term of Andrés Manuel López Obrador’s presidency. The current president’s rise to power in 2018 meant a paradigm shift in Mexican domestic policy and was perceived by the countries of the region as a possibility for Mexico to resume its multilateral ties with the rest of the Latin American continent. Mexico is immersed in the COVID-19 pandemic after the storm of the migration crisis that unleashed the Central American caravan between 2017 and 2018. Devaluation of Mexican peso and the drop of oil prices are also pre-existing problems that have been undermining development possibilities that Lopez Obrador set forth in his campaign. Despite discouraging forecasts of socioeconomic indicators in the region, the article highlights the possibilities open for Mexico as one of the largest economies on the continent: it may find the way out of the storm, which could become a genesis of modifications towards development. In order to explain Mexican performance in the face of the containment measures of 2020 four axes were chosen: migration; international trade; regional cooperation; foreign policy and Latin American integration. In addressing the aforementioned items, the author conducts an interdisciplinary analysis of the factors that converge harming the economic and social indicators due to the fragility exposed by the global Coronavirus situation. The author also suggests some tools that the country could apply to strengthen its regional positioning.

Distributional Impacts of Pension Policy in Argentina

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
CAMILA ARZA
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Pension Policy ◽  
Social Security Systems ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Social Expenditures ◽  
Developed World ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Distributional Impacts

Historically speaking, social security systems are a recent development. At the beginning of the twentieth century, there was limited state social intervention in the developed world, and even less in Latin America. A remarkable expansion of “social rights” took place in the second half of the century. By the 1970s most Latin American countries had set up at least some form of old-age protection, while others had already developed a wide welfare network. Public social expenditures grew to represent over 20 percent of the gross domestic product in a number of countries, including Argentina.

The Hall of Mirrors: The Internet in Latin America

2000 ◽  
Vol 99 (634) ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Developed World

Latin American Internet users, like those in the developed world, “may be merely surfing the labyrinth of the Library of Babel dreamt by Borges: a library in which the contents matter far less than the apparent infinity of its holdings.”

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