Ghrelin Levels in Basal Conditions and During Glucose Tolerance Test in Prediabetic and Diabetic Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 822-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Bounias ◽  
Stamatia Pouliliou ◽  
Gregory Tripsianis ◽  
Cristos Antonoglou ◽  
Anna Papazoglou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
And Control

AbstractGhrelin is associated with glucose homeostasis but its’ possible relevance with glucose levels in physiological and pathological conditions has so far been poorly investigated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate circulating ghrelin levels in prediabetic and diabetic patients in basal conditions and in response to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). A total of 90 male adults aged 40 – 73 years old were enrolled in our study. Fasting and postprandial plasma ghrelin, insulin and glucose levels were measured at 0, 60, 120 and 180 min following an OGTT in 40 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), 20 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 30 controls. Incremental and total area under response curve were determined and calculated for glucose, insulin and ghrelin. Fasting plasma ghrelin concentrations were significantly lower in the T2DM group than IGT and control group patients (p<0.01) but not between healthy subjects and IGT group (p=0.746). In the diabetics’ group ghrelin levels showed a statistically significant negative correlation with insulin and a positive correlation with HbA1c and glucose. At all time points after the OGTT ghrelin concentrations were significantly lower in the T2DM group compared to IGT group and controls. Plasma ghrelin concentrations are lower in male diabetic patients at the fasting state and remain lower at all time points after an OGTT while minor differences were found between normal and IGT subjects. Ghrelin might play a role in insulin and glucose metabolism in diabetic patients but not in patients with IGT.

scholarly journals Changes in Metabolites During an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Early and Mid-Pregnancy: Findings from the PEARLS Randomized, Controlled Lifestyle Trial

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Danielle E. Haslam ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Liming Liang ◽  
Marijulie Martinez ◽  
Cristina Palacios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Time Points

The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is used to diagnose gestational and other types of diabetes. We examined metabolite changes during an OGTT, and how a comprehensive diet and physical activity intervention may influence these changes in a population of overweight/obese Hispanic pregnant women. Integration of changes in metabolites during an OGTT may help us gain preliminary insights into how glucose metabolism changes during pregnancy. Among women from the Pregnancy and EARly Lifestyle improvement Study (PEARLS), we measured metabolites during a multipoint OGTT (fasting, 30, 60 and 120 min) at early and mid-pregnancy. Metabolite levels were measured by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry in plasma samples in the lifestyle intervention (n = 13) and control (n = 16) arms of the study. A total of 65 candidate metabolites were selected that displayed changes during an OGTT in previous studies. Paired and unpaired t-tests were used to examine differences in Δfast-120 min: (1) at early and mid-pregnancy; and (2) by intervention assignment. We applied principal component analysis (PCA) to identify those metabolites that differed by intervention assignment and OGTT time points. Most of the characteristic changes in metabolites post-OGTT were similar at both gestational time points. PCA identified characteristic metabolite patterns associated with OGTT time points at both early and mid-pregnancy. These metabolites included ketone bodies, tryptophan, acyl carnitines, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and biomarkers related to bile acid, urea cycle, arginine, and proline metabolism. PCA identified distinct Δfast-120 min in fatty acid, acyl carnitine, bile acid, ketone body, and amino acid levels at mid- compared to early pregnancy. Participants in the intervention group did not display mean decreases in Δfast-120 min of several long-chain acyl carnitines that were observed in the control group. These findings provide preliminary insight into metabolites, whose role in increased insulin resistance during pregnancy, should be explored further in future studies.

scholarly journals Preliminary phytochemical screening and evaluation of hypoglycemic properties of the root extract of Uveria chamae

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emordi Jonathan Emeka ◽  
Agbaje Esther Oluwatoyin ◽  
Oreagba Ibrahim Adekunle ◽  
Iribhogbe Osede Ignis
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

<p>The purpose of this study is to evaluate the hypoglycaemic properties and preliminary phytochemical screening of <em>Uveria chamae</em>. The hypoglycaemic properties of <em>Uveria chamae</em> was assessed on normoglycaemic rat that received single dose of the extract at 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight and blood glucose levels estimated at 2, 4, and 6 hours (single dose study). The hypoglycaemic property of the extract was also evaluated in normoglycemic rats by oral glucose tolerance test. Phytochemical screening of the extract for the presence of secondary metabolites was performed with standard methods. The extract showed a significant (p&lt;0.05) reduction in blood glucose levels at 2h and 6h compared to control.  The oral glucose tolerance test  result also showed a significant decrease (p&lt;0.05) in blood glucose levels . The study showed that the extract, <em>Uveria chamae</em> has hypoglycaemic properties which may be accounted for by the presence of the phytochemicals.</p><p> </p>

Thyrotropin Secretion During Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Acromegalic Patients and Control Subjects

Endocrine ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-180
Author(s):  
Erika Hubina ◽  
László Kovács ◽  
Zoltán Görömbey ◽  
István Szabolcs ◽  
Sándor Czirják ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Real-World Gestational Diabetes Screening: Problems with the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Rural and Remote Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma L. Jamieson ◽  
Erica P. Spry ◽  
Andrew B. Kirke ◽  
David N. Atkinson ◽  
Julia V. Marley
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
Glucose Levels

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common antenatal complication in Australia. All pregnant women are recommended for screening by 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). As part of a study to improve screening, 694 women from 27 regional, rural and remote clinics were recruited from 2015–2018 into the Optimisation of Rural Clinical and Haematological Indicators for Diabetes in pregnancy (ORCHID) study. Most routine OGTT samples were analysed more than four hours post fasting collection (median 5.0 h, range 2.3 to 124 h), potentially reducing glucose levels due to glycolysis. In 2019, to assess pre-analytical plasma glucose (PG) instability over time, we evaluated alternative sample handling protocols in a sample of participants. Four extra samples were collected alongside routine room temperature (RT) fluoride-oxalate samples (FLOXRT): study FLOXRT; ice slurry (FLOXICE); RT fluoride-citrate-EDTA (FC Mix), and RT lithium-heparin plasma separation tubes (PST). Time course glucose measurements were then used to estimate glycolysis from ORCHID participants who completed routine OGTT after 24 weeks gestation (n = 501). Adjusting for glycolysis using FLOXICE measurements estimated 62% under-diagnosis of GDM (FLOXRT 10.8% v FLOXICE 28.5% (95% CI, 20.8–29.5%), p < 0.001). FC Mix tubes provided excellent glucose stability but gave slightly higher results (Fasting PG: +0.20 ± 0.05 mmol/L). While providing a realistic alternative to the impractical FLOXICE protocol, direct substitution of FC Mix tubes in clinical practice may require revision of GDM diagnostic thresholds.

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