scholarly journals Reduced mammary gland carcinogenesis in transgenic mice expressing a growth hormone antagonist

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 428-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Pollak ◽  
M-J Blouin ◽  
J-C Zhang ◽  
J J Kopchick
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Transgenic Mice

Rabbit whey acidic protein gene upstream region controls high-level expression of bovine growth hormone in the mammary gland of transgenic mice

1995 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Thépot ◽  
Eve Devinoy ◽  
Marie-Louise Fontaine ◽  
Marie-Georges Stinnakre ◽  
Micheline Massoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Whey Acidic Protein ◽  
Acidic Protein ◽  
Upstream Region ◽  
Bovine Growth Hormone ◽  
High Level Expression ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 (IGFBP-5) induces premature cell death in the mammary glands of transgenic mice

Development ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 129 (19) ◽  
pp. 4547-4557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Tonner ◽  
Michael C. Barber ◽  
Gordon J. Allan ◽  
James Beattie ◽  
John Webster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Transgenic Animals ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Mammary Development ◽  
Igf I

We have previously demonstrated that IGFBP-5 production by mammary epithelial cells increases dramatically during involution of the mammary gland. To demonstrate a causal relationship between IGFBP-5 and cell death we created transgenic mice expressing IGFBP-5 in the mammary gland using a mammary-specific promoter, β-lactoglobulin. DNA content in the mammary glands of transgenic mice was decreased as early as day 10 of pregnancy. Histological analysis indicated reduced numbers of alveolar end buds, with decreased ductal branching. Transgenic dams produced IGFBP-5 in their milk at concentrations similar to those achieved at the end of normal lactation. Mammary cell number and milk synthesis were both decreased by approximately 50% during the first 10 days of lactation. BrdU labelling was decreased, whereas DNA ladders were increased in transgenic animals on day 1 of lactation. On day 2 postpartum, the epithelial invasion of the mammary fat pad was clearly impaired in transgenic animals. The concentrations of the pro-apoptotic molecule caspase-3 and of plasmin were both increased in transgenic animals whilst the concentrations of 2 prosurvival molecules Bcl-2 and Bcl-xLwere both decreased. In order to examine whether IGFBP-5 acts by inhibiting the survival effect of IGF-I we examined IGF receptor phosphorylation and Akt phosphorylation and showed that both were inhibited. We attempted to “rescue” the transgenic phenotype by using growth hormone to increase endogenous IGF-I concentrations or by implanting minipumps delivering an IGF-1 analogue, R3-IGF-1, which binds weakly to IGFBP-5. Growth hormone treatment failed to affect mammary development suggesting that increased concentrations of endogenous IGF-1 are insufficient to overcome the high concentrations of IGFBP-5 produced by these transgenic animals. In contrast mammary development (gland weight and DNA content) was normalised by R3-IGF-I although milk production was only partially restored. This is the first demonstration that over-expression of IGFBP-5 can lead to; impaired mammary development, increased expression of the pro-apoptotic molecule caspase-3, increased plasmin generation and decreased expression of pro-survival molecules of the Bcl-2 family. It clearly demonstrates that IGF-I is an important developmental/survival factor for the mammary gland and, furthermore, this cell death programme may be utilised in a wide variety of tissues.

scholarly journals A Mammary-Specific Promoter Directs Expression of Growth Hormone not only to the Mammary Gland, but also to Bergman Glia Cells in Transgenic Mice

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter H. Günzburg ◽  
Brian Salmons ◽  
Bernhard Zimmermann ◽  
Mathias Müller ◽  
Volker Erfle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Glia Cells

Targeting expression to the mammary gland: intronic sequences can enhance the efficiency of gene expression in transgenic mice

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bruce A. Whitelaw ◽  
Alan L. Archibald ◽  
Stephen Harris ◽  
Margaret McClenaghan ◽  
J. Paul Simons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Transgenic Mice
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