Pathophysiologic phenotypes of japanese subjects with varying degrees of glucose tolerance: Using the combination of C-peptide secretion rate and minimal model analysis

Metabolism ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 812-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiharu Tokuyama ◽  
Ken-ichi Sakurai ◽  
Kazuo Yagui ◽  
Naotake Hashimoto ◽  
Yasushi Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Minimal Model ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Peptide Secretion ◽  
Japanese Subjects

scholarly journals Overestimation of minimal model glucose effectiveness in presence of insulin response is due to undermodeling

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (6) ◽  
pp. E1031-E1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Cobelli ◽  
Francesca Bettini ◽  
Andrea Caumo ◽  
Michael J. Quon
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Minimal Model ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Glucose Kinetics ◽  
Model Estimate ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
Glucose Effectiveness ◽  
Model Independent

Glucose effectiveness is an important determinant of glucose tolerance that can be derived from minimal model analysis of an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT). However, recent evidence suggests that glucose effectiveness is overestimated by minimal model analysis. Here we compare a new model-independent estimate of glucose effectiveness with the minimal model estimate by reanalyzing published data in which insulin-dependent diabetic subjects were each given IVGTTs under two conditions (Quon, M. J., C. Cochran, S. I. Taylor, and R. C. Eastman. Diabetes 43: 890–896, 1994). In one case, a basal insulin level was maintained (BI-IVGTT). In the second case, a dynamic insulin response was recreated (DI-IVGTT). Our results show that minimal model glucose effectiveness is very similar to the model-independent measurement during a BI-IVGTT but is three times higher during a DI-IVGTT. To investigate the causes of minimal model overestimation in the presence of a dynamic insulin response, Monte Carlo simulation studies on a two-compartment model of glucose kinetics with various insulin response patterns were performed. Results suggest that minimal model overestimation is due to single-compartment representation of glucose kinetics that results in a critical oversimplification in the presence of increasingly dynamic insulin secretion patterns.

scholarly journals Ectopic Fat Storage in the Pancreas, Liver, and Abdominal Fat Depots: Impact on β-Cell Function in Individuals with Impaired Glucose Metabolism

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. van der Zijl ◽  
G. H. Goossens ◽  
C. C. M. Moors ◽  
D. H. van Raalte ◽  
M. H. A. Muskiet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Ectopic Fat ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Pancreatic Fat ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Peptide Secretion

abstract Context: Pancreatic fat content (PFC) may have deleterious effects on β-cell function. Objective: We hypothesized that ectopic fat deposition, in particular pancreatic fat accumulation, is related to β-cell dysfunction in individuals with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Design, Setting and Participants: This was a cross-sectional study in 64 age- and body mass index-matched individuals, with normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n = 16, 60% males), IFG (n = 29, 52% males), or IFG/IGT (n = 19, 63% males) was conducted. Intervention and Main Outcome Measures: Participants underwent the following: 1) a combined hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic and hyperglycemic clamp, with subsequent arginine stimulation to quantify insulin sensitivity and β-cell function; 2) proton-magnetic resonance spectroscopy to assess PFC and liver fat content (LFC); and 3) magnetic resonance imaging to quantify visceral (VAT) and sc (SAT) adipose tissue. The disposition index (DI; insulin sensitivity adjusted β-cell function) was assessed. Results: IFG and IFG/IGT were more insulin resistant (P < 0.001) compared with NGT. Individuals with IFG/IGT had the lowest values of glucose- and arginine-stimulated C-peptide secretion (both P < 0.03) and DI (P < 0.001), relative to IFG and NGT. PFC and LFC gradually increased between NGT, IFG, and IFG/IGT (P = 0.02 and P = 0.01, respectively), whereas VAT and SAT were similar between groups. No direct associations were found between PFC, LFC, VAT, and SAT and C-peptide secretion. The DI was inversely correlated with PFC, LFC, and VAT (all P < 0.05). Conclusions: PFC was increased in individuals with IFG and/or IGT, without a direct relation with β-cell function.

Insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and glucose effectiveness in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance: A minimal model analysis

Metabolism ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 714-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ataru Taniguchi ◽  
Yoshikatsu Nakai ◽  
Mitsuo Fukushima ◽  
Hiroo Imura ◽  
Hitomi Kawamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Minimal Model ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Glucose Effectiveness

scholarly journals Comparison of insulin sensitivity between healthy neonatal foals and horses using minimal model analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262584
Author(s):  
Hannah M. Kinsella ◽  
Laura D. Hostnik ◽  
Hailey A. Snyder ◽  
Sarah E. Mazur ◽  
Ahmed M. Kamr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Minimal Model ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
Glucose Ratio

The equine neonate is considered to have impaired glucose tolerance due to delayed maturation of the pancreatic endocrine system. Few studies have investigated insulin sensitivity in newborn foals using dynamic testing methods. The objective of this study was to assess insulin sensitivity by comparing the insulin-modified frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (I-FSIGTT) between neonatal foals and adult horses. This study was performed on healthy neonatal foals (n = 12), 24 to 60 hours of age, and horses (n = 8), 3 to 14 years of age using dextrose (300 mg/kg IV) and insulin (0.02 IU/kg IV). Insulin sensitivity (SI), acute insulin response to glucose (AIRg), glucose effectiveness (Sg), and disposition index (DI) were calculated using minimal model analysis. Proxy measurements were calculated using fasting insulin and glucose concentrations. Nonparametric statistical methods were used for analysis and reported as median and interquartile range (IQR). SI was significantly higher in foals (18.3 L·min-1· μIU-1 [13.4–28.4]) compared to horses (0.9 L·min-1· μIU-1 [0.5–1.1]); (p < 0.0001). DI was higher in foals (12 × 103 [8 × 103−14 × 103]) compared to horses (4 × 102 [2 × 102−7 × 102]); (p < 0.0001). AIRg and Sg were not different between foals and horses. The modified insulin to glucose ratio (MIRG) was lower in foals (1.72 μIUinsulin2/10·L·mgglucose [1.43–2.68]) compared to horses (3.91 μIU insulin2/10·L·mgglucose [2.57–7.89]); (p = 0.009). The homeostasis model assessment of beta cell function (HOMA-BC%) was higher in horses (78.4% [43–116]) compared to foals (23.2% [17.8–42.2]); (p = 0.0096). Our results suggest that healthy neonatal foals are insulin sensitive in the first days of life, which contradicts current literature regarding the equine neonate. Newborn foals may be more insulin sensitive immediately after birth as an evolutionary adaptation to conserve energy during the transition to extrauterine life.

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