Patients with capsular infarct and Wallerian degeneration show persistent regional premotor cortex activation on functional magnetic resonance imaging

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 210-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichiro Miyai ◽  
Tsunehiko Suzuki ◽  
Akichika Mikami ◽  
Kisou Kubota ◽  
Bruce T. Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Wallerian Degeneration ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging

scholarly journals Encoding of Novel Verbal Instructions for Prospective Action in the Lateral Prefrontal Cortex: Evidence from Univariate and Multivariate Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1170-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas J. Bourguignon ◽  
Senne Braem ◽  
Egbert Hartstra ◽  
Jan De Houwer ◽  
Marcel Brass
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Task Instructions ◽  
Verbal Instructions ◽  
Fmri Session ◽  
Pattern Similarity

Verbal instructions are central to humans' capacity to learn new behaviors with minimal training, but the neurocognitive mechanisms involved in verbally instructed behaviors remain puzzling. Recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) evidence suggests that the right middle frontal gyrus and dorsal premotor cortex (rMFG-dPMC) supports the translation of symbolic stimulus–response mappings into sensorimotor representations. Here, we set out to (1) replicate this finding, (2) investigate whether this region's involvement is specific to novel (vs. trained) instructions, and (3) study whether rMFG-dPMC also shows differences in its (voxel) pattern response indicative of general cognitive processes of instruction implementation. Participants were shown instructions, which they either had to perform later or merely memorize. Orthogonal to this manipulation, the instructions were either entirely novel or had been trained before the fMRI session. Results replicate higher rMFG-dPMC activation levels during instruction implementation versus memorization and show how this difference is restricted to novel, but not trained, instruction presentations. Pattern similarity analyses at the voxel level further reveal more consistent neural pattern responses in rMFG-dPMC during the implementation of novel versus trained instructions. In fact, this more consistent neural pattern response seemed to be specific to the first instruction presentation and disappeared after the instruction had been applied once. These results further support a role of rMFG-dPMC in the implementation of novel task instructions and highlight potentially important differences in studying this region's gross activation levels versus (the consistency of) its response patterns.

The influence of complex action knowledge on representations of novel graspable objects: Evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1009-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARAH H. CREEM-REGEHR ◽  
VALENTINA DILDA ◽  
APRIL E. VICCHRILLI ◽  
FREDERICK FEDERER ◽  
JAMES N. LEE
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Action Knowledge ◽  
Novel Objects

The influence of action knowledge associated with novel objects was investigated using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Participants were trained on complex actions associated with novel objects (“tools”) and had experience manipulating other visually similar novel objects (“shapes”). During scanning, participants viewed, imagined grasping, and imagined using the objects. Based on previous neuroimaging and neuropsychological findings, our primary goal was to examine frontal and parietal regions subserving action representations associated with visual objects, namely the left inferior parietal lobule (IPL), the left ventral premotor cortex (VPM) and the presupplementary motor cortex (pre-SMA). We predicted differences between the tool and shape stimuli, modulated also by task demands. In viewing, we found greater effect sizes in the left VPM and IPL for tools versus shapes. In grasping, there was similar activation with both object types. The largest differences existed in using, in which greater effect sizes were found for tools versus shapes in left IPL and pre-SMA, and marginally in the left VPM. We suggest that representations of tools extend beyond classically defined affordances and recruit processing about both graspability and known action plans in tasks involving visual memory, motor imagery, and motor execution. (JINS, 2007, 13, 1009–1020.)

scholarly journals Within-Session and Between-Session Reproducibility of Cerebral Sensorimotor Activation: A Test–Retest Effect Evidenced with Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 592-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Loubinoux ◽  
Christophe Carel ◽  
Flamine Alary ◽  
Kader Boulanouar ◽  
Gérard Viallard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Memory Representation ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Fmri Signal ◽  
The Right ◽  
Flexion And Extension

The aim of the current study was to assess the reproducibility of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) brain activation signals in a sensorimotor task in healthy subjects. Because random or systematic changes are likely to happen when movements are repeated over time, the authors searched for time-dependent changes in the fMRI signal intensity and the extent of activation within and between sessions. Reproducibility was studied on a sensorimotor task called “the active task” that includes a motor output and a sensory feedback, and also on a sensory stimulation called “the passive task” that assessed the sensory input alone. The active task consisted of flexion and extension of the right hand. The subjects had performed it several times before fMRI scanning so that it was well learned. The passive task consisted of a calibrated passive flexion and extension of the right wrist. Tasks were 1 Hz-paced. The control state was rest. Subjects naïve to the MRI environment and non–MRI-naïve subjects were studied. Twelve MRI-naïve subjects underwent 3 fMRI sessions separated by 5 hours and 49 days, respectively. During MRI scanning, they performed the active task. Six MRI-naïve subjects underwent 2 fMRI sessions with the passive task 1 month apart. Three non–MRI-naïve subjects performed twice an active 2-Hz self-paced task. The data were analyzed with SPM96 software. For within-session comparison, for active or passive tasks, good reproducibility of fMRI signal activation was found within a session (intra-and interrun reproducibility) whether it was the first, second, or third session. Therefore, no within-session habituation was found with a passive or a well-learned active task. For between-session comparison, for MRI-naïve or non–MRI-naïve subjects, and with the active or the passive task, activation was increased in the contralateral premotor cortex and in ispsilateral anterior cerebellar cortex but was decreased in the primary sensorimotor cortex, parietal cortex, and posterior supplementary motor area at the second session. The lower cortical signal was characterized by reduced activated areas with no change in maximum peak intensity in most cases. Changes were partially reversed at the third session. Part of the test–retest effect may come from habituation of the MRI experiment context. Less attention and stress at the second and third sessions may be components of the inhibition of cortical activity. Because the changes became reversed, the authors suggest that, beyond the habituation process, a learning process occurred that had nothing to do with procedural learning, because the tasks were well learned or passive. A long-term memory representation of the sensorimotor task, not only with its characteristics (for example, amplitude, frequency) but also with its context (fMRI), can become integrated into the motor system along the sessions. Furthermore, the pattern observed in the fMRI signal changes might evoke a consolidation process.

The Human Dorsal Stream Adapts to Real Actions and 3D Shape Processing: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 2627-2639 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Króliczak ◽  
T. D. McAdam ◽  
D. J. Quinlan ◽  
J. C. Culham
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Response Selection ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Action Planning ◽  
Intraparietal Sulcus ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging

We tested whether the control of real actions in an ever-changing environment would show any dependence on prior actions elicited by instructional cues a few seconds before. To this end, adaptation of the functional magnetic resonance imaging signal was measured while human participants sequentially grasped three-dimensional objects in an event-related design, using grasps oriented along the same or a different axis of either the same or a different object shape. We found that the bilateral anterior intraparietal sulcus, an area previously linked to the control of visually guided grasping, along with other areas of the intraparietal sulcus, the left supramarginal gyrus, and the right mid superior parietal lobe showed clear adaptation following both repeated grasps and repeated objects. In contrast, the left ventral premotor cortex and the bilateral dorsal premotor cortex, the two premotor areas often linked to response selection, action planning, and execution, showed only grasp-selective adaptation. These results suggest that, even in real action guidance, parietofrontal areas demonstrate differential involvement in visuomotor processing dependent on whether the action or the object has been previously experienced.

scholarly journals Mapping quantal touch using 7 Tesla functional magnetic resonance imaging and single-unit intraneural microstimulation

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Maria Sanchez Panchuelo ◽  
Rochelle Ackerley ◽  
Paul M Glover ◽  
Richard W Bowtell ◽  
Johan Wessberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Somatosensory Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
7 Tesla ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Vibrotactile Stimulation

Using ultra-high field 7 Tesla (7T) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we map the cortical and perceptual responses elicited by intraneural microstimulation (INMS) of single mechanoreceptive afferent units in the median nerve, in humans. Activations are compared to those produced by applying vibrotactile stimulation to the unit’s receptive field, and unit-type perceptual reports are analyzed. We show that INMS and vibrotactile stimulation engage overlapping areas within the topographically appropriate digit representation in the primary somatosensory cortex. Additional brain regions in bilateral secondary somatosensory cortex, premotor cortex, primary motor cortex, insula and posterior parietal cortex, as well as in contralateral prefrontal cortex are also shown to be activated in response to INMS. The combination of INMS and 7T fMRI opens up an unprecedented opportunity to bridge the gap between first-order mechanoreceptive afferent input codes and their spatial, dynamic and perceptual representations in human cortex.

Cerebral Areas Processing Swallowing and Tongue Movement Are Overlapping but Distinct: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 2428-2443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth E. Martin ◽  
Bradley J. MacIntosh ◽  
Rebecca C. Smith ◽  
Amy M. Barr ◽  
Todd K. Stevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Brain Area ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Tongue Movement ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Although multiple regions of the cerebral cortex have been implicated in swallowing, the functional contributions of each brain area remain unclear. The present study sought to clarify the roles of these cortical foci in swallowing by comparing brain activation associated with voluntary saliva swallowing and voluntary tongue elevation. Fourteen healthy right-handed subjects were examined with single-event–related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while laryngeal movements associated with swallowing and tongue movement were simultaneously recorded. Both swallowing and tongue elevation activated 1) the left lateral pericentral and anterior parietal cortex, and 2) the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and adjacent supplementary motor area (SMA), suggesting that these brain regions mediate processes shared by swallowing and tongue movement. Tongue elevation activated a larger total volume of cortex than swallowing, with significantly greater activation within the ACC, SMA, right precentral and postcentral gyri, premotor cortex, right putamen, and thalamus. Although a contrast analysis failed to identify activation foci specific to swallowing, superimposed activation maps suggested that the most lateral extent of the left pericentral and anterior parietal cortex, rostral ACC, precuneus, and right parietal operculum/insula were preferentially activated by swallowing. This finding suggests that these brain areas may mediate processes specific to swallowing. Approximately 60% of the subjects showed a strong functional lateralization of the postcentral gyrus toward the left hemisphere for swallowing, whereas 40% showed a similar activation bias for the tongue elevation task. This finding supports the view that the oral sensorimotor cortices within the left and right hemispheres are functionally nonequivalent.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document