scholarly journals The assessment of chondrocyte proteoglycan metabolism using molecular sieve column chromatography as compared to three commonly utilized techniques

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
David D. Frisbie ◽  
Chris E. Kawcak ◽  
Gayle W. Trotter ◽  
C.Wayne McIlwraith
Keyword(s):  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Molecular Sieve ◽  
Molecular Sieve Column

THE SINGLE BREATH DIFFUSING CAPACITY AND THE PERMEABILITY OF THE LUNGS OF NORMAL MAN

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1283-1292
Author(s):  
Edith Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Sieve ◽  
The Other ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Alveolar Volume ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Test Gas ◽  
Single Breath ◽  
Normal Man ◽  
Molecular Sieve Column

The single breath diffusing capacity for CO, DL, and the permeability of the lungs, K, were measured in six male and two female medical students at various lung volumes. The subjects rested 15 minutes before each test and the expired alveolar volume as well as breath-holding time and inspired volume were recorded on a spirogram. The test gas used consisted of 0.3% CO, 0.3% SF6, 20% O2, and the balance N2. The sample of alveolar gas expired after breath-holding was analyzed for CO and SF6 on a vapor fractometer using a 2-meter molecular sieve column. DL varied with the surface area of the subjects as well as with the alveolar volume at which the test was performed. K, on the other hand, was independent of the size of the subjects and decreased towards a constant value as lung volume became large. K should, therefore, be more reproducible than DL. The average permeability of the eight subjects used in this study was 0.0715 ml CO per second per ml of alveolar volume. In every experiment, alveolar volumes were also calculated from the SF6 dilution. These values, VD, were compared to alveolar volumes calculated from the maximum lung volumes, VA. For the males there was no measurable difference between alveolar volumes calculated by these two methods when 2 liters or more of test gas were inspired. It is suggested that the replacement of the measurement of DL in pulmonary function laboratories by an evaluation of K and VD may transform the single breath diffusing capacity test into a useful diagnostic tool.

Determination of Carbon Monoxide in Blood by Gas Chromatography

1968 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold A Collison ◽  
F Lee Rodkey ◽  
John D O'Neal
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Molecular Sieve ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Molecular Sieve Column ◽  
Normal Human Blood

Abstract A method for the determination of CO content in blood is described. Carbon monoxide bound to hemoglobin is released by hemolysis and reaction with K3Fe(CN)6 in a closed system. The gases liberated are then swept onto a 5 A molecular sieve column where CO is separated from other blood gases. The CO, after catalytic reduction to methane, is detected by flame ionization. The method is rapid, specific, and sufficiently sensitive to permit analysis of 0.1-ml. samples of normal blood. The accuracy of the method, expressed as the coefficient of variation (S.D. x 100/mean), is 1.8% for normal human blood.

scholarly journals The membrane attack mechanism of complement. Isolation and subunit composition of the C5b-9 complex.

1975 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
pp. 724-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
W P Kolb ◽  
H J Muller-Eberhard
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Molecular Sieve ◽  
Analytical Ultracentrifugation ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Coomassie Blue ◽  
Molecular Sieve Column

Isolation of the C5b-9 complex from inulin-activated whole human serum was effected by molecular sieve column chromatography employing Biogel A-15 M, preparative Pevikon block electrophoresis, and removal of low density beta-lipoproteins by flotation in CsCl. The final product was homogeneous upon cellulose acetate strip electrophoresis and analytical ultracentrifugation. Ouchterlony analyses indicated that the complex reacted with antisera to C5, C6, C7, C8, and C9 to form a continuous, circular precipitin line without spurs. The C5b-9 complex was dissociated by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in the absence of reducing agents, and analytical SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed seven protein bands after straining with Coomassie Blue. Bands 1, 2, 3, and 6 were identified as C5b, C7, C6, and C9, respectively. Bands 4 and 7 were identified as two noncovalently bound subunits of C8. Molar ratios among C5b, C6, C7, C8, and C9 dissociated from the complex by SDS were estimated to be 1:1:1:1:3. Band 5 protein, which had an estimated mol wt of 88,000 and was found to occur with a molar ratio of 3, has not yet been identified. Its nature and possible biological functions are discussed.

Micromethod for Determination of Middle Ear Gas Composition

1979 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ervin Ostfeld ◽  
Judith Blonder ◽  
Moshe Crispin ◽  
Arieh Szeinberg
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Molecular Sieve ◽  
Present Method ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Column System ◽  
Helium Gas ◽  
Molecular Sieve Column

This is a microchromatographic method for simultaneous determinations of O2, N2, CO2 and N2O in gas samples of 40–100μl. A Packard 836 U gas chromatograph with a thermal conductivity detector and helium gas as carrier was used. The combination of Porapak® and 5A molecular sieve column system was found adequate and is described in detail. The fidelity of this method was proved by a high constancy of the retention time, the linearity of the response and the reproducibility of results. The present method proved to be reliable for determination of all middle ear gases in man and experimental animals during general anesthesia with N2O.

Human lung fibroblasts release chemokinetic activity for monocytes constitutively

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (2) ◽  
pp. L223-L230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sekiya Koyama ◽  
Etsuro Sato ◽  
Tsuyoshi Masubuchi ◽  
Akemi Takamizawa ◽  
Hiroshi Nomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Molecular Sieve ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Lung Fibroblasts ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Lipoxygenase Inhibitors ◽  
Human Lung Fibroblasts ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Molecular Sieve Column

We determined whether human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) might release mediators that are responsible for monocyte chemokinetic activity (MCA) constitutively. HLF supernatant fluids showed MCA in a time-dependent manner ( P < 0.001). Checkerboard analysis of 24- and 72-h supernatant fluids showed that the activity was chemokinetic. Partial characterization of 24- and 72-h supernatant fluids revealed that the mediators released after 24 h were predominantly composed of lipid-soluble activity, and MCA was blocked by lipoxygenase inhibitors. The mediators released after 72 h were predominantly trypsin sensitive and blocked by cycloheximide. Molecular-sieve column chromatography identified four peaks of MCA. A polyclonal antibody to monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) inhibited MCA by 20% after 24 h and by 40% after 72 h. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) antibodies attenuated MCA released after 72 h by 30 and 10%, respectively. These antibodies inhibited corresponding molecular-weight peaks separated by molecular-sieve column. The concentrations of MCP-1, GM-CSF, and TGF-β were 4,698 ± 242, 26.8 ± 3.8, and 550 ± 15 pg/ml, respectively. A leukotriene B4(LTB4)-receptor antagonist attenuated the total MCA and the lowest molecular weight peak of MCA. The concentrations of LTB4were 153.4 ± 12.4 (24 h) and 212 ± 16.6 (72 h) pg/ml. These findings suggest that HLFs may modulate the recruitment of monocytes into the lung by releasing MCP-1, GM-CSF, TGF-β, and LTB4constitutively.

Separation of Normal Paraffins and Evaluation of Petroleum Contamination in Foods

1979 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1327-1332
Author(s):  
Yukio Saito ◽  
Mitsuharu Takeda ◽  
Mitsuru Uchiyama
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Molecular Sieve ◽  
Petroleum Contamination ◽  
Petroleum Pollution ◽  
Good Marker ◽  
Marker Compounds

Abstract A method for separating n-paraffins from petroleum hydrocarbons in foods was developed. The method consists of 5 initial steps: digestion of sample with alkali, silica gel column chromatography, molecular sieve adsorption, destruction of the sieve with HC1, and oxidation with KMnO4. Recoveries of n-paraffins added to 55 g oyster at a level of 0.36 ppm ranged from 80% for normal pentadecane to 100% for n-paraffins over 18 carbon atoms. This method also facilitated the analysis of iso-paraffins such as pristane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane) and phytane (2,6,10,14-tetramethylhexadecane), and other hydrocarbons, which are thought to be good marker compounds for the estimation of petroleum pollution.

THE SINGLE BREATH DIFFUSING CAPACITY AND THE PERMEABILITY OF THE LUNGS OF NORMAL MAN

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1283-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Sieve ◽  
The Other ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Alveolar Volume ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Test Gas ◽  
Single Breath ◽  
Normal Man ◽  
Molecular Sieve Column

The single breath diffusing capacity for CO, DL, and the permeability of the lungs, K, were measured in six male and two female medical students at various lung volumes. The subjects rested 15 minutes before each test and the expired alveolar volume as well as breath-holding time and inspired volume were recorded on a spirogram. The test gas used consisted of 0.3% CO, 0.3% SF6, 20% O2, and the balance N2. The sample of alveolar gas expired after breath-holding was analyzed for CO and SF6 on a vapor fractometer using a 2-meter molecular sieve column. DL varied with the surface area of the subjects as well as with the alveolar volume at which the test was performed. K, on the other hand, was independent of the size of the subjects and decreased towards a constant value as lung volume became large. K should, therefore, be more reproducible than DL. The average permeability of the eight subjects used in this study was 0.0715 ml CO per second per ml of alveolar volume. In every experiment, alveolar volumes were also calculated from the SF6 dilution. These values, VD, were compared to alveolar volumes calculated from the maximum lung volumes, VA. For the males there was no measurable difference between alveolar volumes calculated by these two methods when 2 liters or more of test gas were inspired. It is suggested that the replacement of the measurement of DL in pulmonary function laboratories by an evaluation of K and VD may transform the single breath diffusing capacity test into a useful diagnostic tool.

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