Sex and the Renin Angiotensin System: Implications for Gender Differences in the Progression of Kidney Disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Sandberg ◽  
Hong Ji
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Progression Of Kidney Disease

scholarly journals Amiloride as an Alternate Adjuvant Antiproteinuric Agent in Fabry Disease: The Potential Roles of Plasmin and uPAR

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Trimarchi ◽  
M. Forrester ◽  
F. Lombi ◽  
V. Pomeranz ◽  
M. S. Raña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Fabry Disease ◽  
Past History ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Distal Tubule ◽  
Agalsidase Beta ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Progression Of Kidney Disease

Patients with Fabry disease present a higher risk of cardiovascular and kidney morbidity. We present a patient with a past history of biopsy-proven Fabry disease and stage 3 chronic kidney disease. Proteinuria partially dropped from 6.8 g/day to 2.1 g/day despite an aggressive regime which consisted of low-salt diet, agalsidase beta infusions, dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin system, and low-dose maintenance of steroids. As proteinuria is considered a risk marker of cardiovascular disease and of progression of kidney disease, we added amiloride 5 mg/day, a drug with proven effects in podocyte stabilization and proteinuria actions at the distal convoluted tubule. Proteinuria finally decreased to 0.8 g/day. This report highlights the relevance of intervening on proteinuria in a multitarget approach in order to reduce it as much as possible. Due to this pharmacological response, we suggest that although agalsidase beta specific treatment protects the endothelium, the podocyte, and the tubule in Fabry disease and secondary haemodynamic and immunologic pathways are treated with inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system and steroids, amiloride may act as a complementary tool in podocyte stabilization and in proteinuria effects at the distal tubule.

scholarly journals Effect of sodium bicarbonate supplementation on the renin-angiotensin system in patients with chronic kidney disease and acidosis: a randomized clinical trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique M. Bovée ◽  
Lodi C. W. Roksnoer ◽  
Cornelis van Kooten ◽  
Joris I. Rotmans ◽  
Liffert Vogt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Ammonium Excretion ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Plasma Bicarbonate

Abstract Background Acidosis-induced kidney injury is mediated by the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system, for which urinary renin is a potential marker. Therefore, we hypothesized that sodium bicarbonate supplementation reduces urinary renin excretion in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and metabolic acidosis. Methods Patients with CKD stage G4 and plasma bicarbonate 15–24 mmol/l were randomized to receive sodium bicarbonate (3 × 1000 mg/day, ~ 0.5 mEq/kg), sodium chloride (2 × 1,00 mg/day), or no treatment for 4 weeks (n = 15/arm). The effects on urinary renin excretion (primary outcome), other plasma and urine parameters of the renin-angiotensin system, endothelin-1, and proteinuria were analyzed. Results Forty-five patients were included (62 ± 15 years, eGFR 21 ± 5 ml/min/1.73m2, plasma bicarbonate 21.7 ± 3.3 mmol/l). Sodium bicarbonate supplementation increased plasma bicarbonate (20.8 to 23.8 mmol/l) and reduced urinary ammonium excretion (15 to 8 mmol/day, both P < 0.05). Furthermore, a trend towards lower plasma aldosterone (291 to 204 ng/L, P = 0.07) and potassium (5.1 to 4.8 mmol/l, P = 0.06) was observed in patients receiving sodium bicarbonate. Sodium bicarbonate did not significantly change the urinary excretion of renin, angiotensinogen, aldosterone, endothelin-1, albumin, or α1-microglobulin. Sodium chloride supplementation reduced plasma renin (166 to 122 ng/L), and increased the urinary excretions of angiotensinogen, albumin, and α1-microglobulin (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Despite correction of acidosis and reduction in urinary ammonium excretion, sodium bicarbonate supplementation did not improve urinary markers of the renin-angiotensin system, endothelin-1, or proteinuria. Possible explanations include bicarbonate dose, short treatment time, or the inability of urinary renin to reflect intrarenal renin-angiotensin system activity. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Treatment with patiromer decreases aldosterone in patients with chronic kidney disease and hyperkalemia on renin-angiotensin system inhibitors

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 696-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Weir ◽  
George L. Bakris ◽  
Coleman Gross ◽  
Martha R. Mayo ◽  
Dahlia Garza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

scholarly journals Stopping Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors in Chronic Kidney Disease: Predictors of Response

2011 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. c348-c354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Roman Gonçalves ◽  
Arif Khwaja ◽  
Aimune K. Ahmed ◽  
Mohsen El Kossi ◽  
Meguid El Nahas
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Predictors Of Response

scholarly journals MMP-10 is Increased in Early Stage Diabetic Kidney Disease and can be Reduced by Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José María Mora-Gutiérrez ◽  
José Antonio Rodríguez ◽  
María A. Fernández-Seara ◽  
Josune Orbe ◽  
Francisco Javier Escalada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

AbstractMatrix metalloproteinases have been implicated in diabetic microvascular complications. However, little is known about the pathophysiological links between MMP-10 and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). We tested the hypothesis that MMP-10 may be up-regulated in early stage DKD, and could be down-regulated by angiotensin II receptor blockade (telmisartan). Serum MMP-10 and TIMP-1 levels were measured in 268 type 2 diabetic subjects and 111 controls. Furthermore, histological and molecular analyses were performed to evaluate the renal expression of Mmp10 and Timp1 in a murine model of early type 2 DKD (db/db) after telmisartan treatment. MMP-10 (473 ± 274 pg/ml vs. 332 ± 151; p = 0.02) and TIMP-1 (573 ± 296 ng/ml vs. 375 ± 317; p < 0.001) levels were significantly increased in diabetic patients as compared to controls. An early increase in MMP-10 and TIMP-1 was observed and a further progressive elevation was found as DKD progressed to end-stage renal disease. Diabetic mice had 4-fold greater glomerular Mmp10 expression and significant albuminuria compared to wild-type, which was prevented by telmisartan. MMP-10 and TIMP-1 are increased from the early stages of type 2 diabetes. Prevention of MMP-10 upregulation observed in diabetic mice could be another protective mechanism of RAS blockade in DKD.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document