scholarly journals Definition of new targets in cardiovascular prevention from young into old age

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 507-509
Author(s):  
J Staessen
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Cardiovascular Prevention ◽  
New Targets ◽  
Definition Of

scholarly journals Preoperative risk evaluation in patients over 75 years candidates to non-cardiac and cardiac surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Boccanelli ◽  
Pompilio Faggiano
Keyword(s):  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Postoperative Outcome ◽  
Cardiovascular Prevention ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Perioperative Risk ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Geriatric Cardiology ◽  
Cardiac Evaluation ◽  
Definition Of

<p>In the 24<sup>th</sup> and 25<sup>th</sup>of June 2016, 80 national experts were invited to Rome from The Italian Society of Geriatric Cardiology and the Italian Association of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation to revise the current knowledge on the perioperative risk in the elderly. Cardiologists, geriatricians, heart and general surgeons and anesthesiologists discussed the topic with the objective of reaching a consensus and to launch observational research and registries in the field of perioperative risk evaluation in the elderly. The introduction of objective measures of frailty on top of traditional cardiac evaluation in the different surgical contexts could allow for a more precise definition of “surgical risk”, appropriate perioperative management and postoperative outcome.</p>

The Taxation of Annuities

1948 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-56
Author(s):  
M. E. Ogborn
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Taxable Income ◽  
Proper Method ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Life Annuities ◽  
Fixed Period

(1) The proper method of taxation of annuities has been a subject of contention for many years, and it seems a suitable time to discuss what are the correct principles to be applied.(2) It seems illogical that life annuities should be taxed on a different principle from annuities payable for a fixed period not dependent on life. It also seems wrong that, whereas a person who has saved capital on which to live in old age may draw on the capital from time to time without being taxed on it, the same person if he buys an annuity so as to equalize the payments throughout the remainder of life has to pay tax on the capital content of the annuity.(3) Various methods(1) have been devised in other countries as practical measures giving some allowance for the capital content of annuity payments, but those methods that I have seen suffer to my mind from being founded on arbitrary rules rather than on principle. It should be noted that the practice of each country is bound up with the definition of taxable income and the treatment of wasting assets in that country. In Great Britain it is possible so to word an annuity contract that part of the annuity is not taxable, but personally I think the question of principle should be faced, and not avoided by rewriting the contracts in some other form.

Perspectives on the Continuity Perspective

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith H. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Comparable Data ◽  
Conceptual Definition ◽  
Definition Of

This paper explores the strengths and limitations of the continuity perspective on aging. First, current usages of the concept are delineated. Then available literature is reviewed for evidence that continuity is in fact characteristic of the aging process and for indications that it is positively related to morale in old age. While lack of comparable data makes conclusions somewhat tentative, it appears that discontinuity is as characteristic of aging as continuity and that continuity may actually be maladaptive in many cases. Components of a conceptual definition of continuity are discussed, and suggestions are made for operationalization and more rigorous investigation of the concept.

Under-nutrition in old age: diagnosis and management

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Watson ◽  
W. Leslie ◽  
C. Hankey
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Under Nutrition ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Definition Of

A recent international definition of under-nutrition or malnutrition has been given by the WHO. Mal-nutrition means ‘badly nourished’ but it is more than a measure of what we eat, or fail to eat. Clinically, malnutrition is characterized by inadequate intake of protein, energy, and micronutri-ents and by susceptibility to infection or disease. Nutritional status is the result of the complex interaction between the food we eat, our overall state of health, and the environment in which we live – in short, food, health and caring are the three ‘pillars of well-being’.

scholarly journals Significance of the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Sector in Pakistan and Assessment of its Employment Potential

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahid Amjad Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Medium Enterprise ◽  
Employment Potential ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Definitions and Sources Definitions: In this paper it is proposed to use the definition of selfemployed, small scale (2-9 employees), medium scale (10-99 employees) and large scale (100 employees and above) to discuss the issues relating to the Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) sector in Pakistan. The national pension (regulated through the Employees Old Age Benefit Institution Legislation) and health insurance (The Provincial Social Security Institutions Legislation) is applicable to institutions with 10 or more employees and provides a natural cut off point between the small scale and medium and large scale sectors. The cut off between the medium and large scale at 100 workers is also appropriate.

scholarly journals Ageing, Risk and the EU

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 132-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason L. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Risk Society ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Older Person ◽  
Social Spaces ◽  
Individualised Care ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Eu

This article explores the concept of ‘risk’ in relation to the theoretical study of old age and welfare in Europe. Ideas related with what has been conceptualised as the ‘risk society’ (Beck, 1992) have, it might be argued, become part of the organising ground of how we define and position the ‘personal’ and ‘social spaces’ in which to grow old. This has startling continuities across Europe. These spaces have served to place the definition of what it means to be an older person – shifts from state care to individualised care (Phillipson and Powell, 2004). As Ulrich Beck (1992) claims, in the conditions of advanced modernity, growing old moves from being a collective to an individual experience and responsibility.

scholarly journals Preventing myocardial infarction: use and limitation of non-invasive imaging modalities

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_E) ◽  
pp. E110-E112
Author(s):  
Gian Piero Perna
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cardiovascular Prevention ◽  
Additional Contribution ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Coronary Events ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Identifying patients at high risk of coronary events is the main focus of cardiovascular prevention. For primary prevention score and risk cards are very low cost solutions, but only of limited efficacy, thus justifying the use of non-invasive imaging testing for the purpose of increasing the ‘diagnostic gain’. Considering all the diagnostic tests employed, only few demonstrated significant additional contribution to the risk score stratification. Coronary imaging with high speed volumetric computed tomography can provide essential information in ruling out and/or definition of coronary artery disease but also has limitations as far as the biological risk, the costs, and the difficulties of putting into perspective the results obtained in asymptomatic patients.

Concluding remarks

2020 ◽  
pp. 211-216
Author(s):  
Edmund Jessop ◽  
Martin Gulliford
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Demographic Change ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Coding Systems ◽  
Concepts Of Disease ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Economic Constraints

Demographic change and economic constraints are likely to drive change in healthcare systems over the next few decades. It seems inevitable that both the amount and the shape of healthcare systems will be stretched by increasing numbers of old people, even as the definition of ‘old age’ is itself stretched. Concepts of ‘disease’ may need to change; such changes will need to be mirrored in coding systems. As healthcare becomes more specialized, pathways become more complex. This will disadvantage people who lack the cognitive, physical, and financial resources to navigate complex systems. Specialists in healthcare public health will need to adapt their knowledge, skills, and attitudes.

Toward a Sociological Definition of Old Age: A Research Note

1953 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-29
Author(s):  
Edward Nelson Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Definition Of
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