White matter hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in children with psychiatric disorders

2002 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
In Kyoon Lyoo ◽  
Ho Kyu Lee ◽  
Ji Hyun Jung ◽  
Gil G. Noam ◽  
Perry F. Renshaw
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Brain

The Hidden Markov Brains

2013 ◽  
pp. 195-214
Author(s):  
Tuan D. Pham
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Hidden Markov ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Brain Age ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Age Prediction

This chapter presents Hidden Markov models (HMM) of the brain on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for the inference of white matter hyperintensities and brain age prediction to study the bidirectional vascular depression hypothesis in the elderly and neurodegenerative diseases, respectively. Rating and quantification of cerebral white matter hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging are important tasks in various clinical and scientific settings. The authors have proposed that prior knowledge about white matter hyperintensities can be accumulated and utilised to enable a reliable inference of the rating of a new white matter hyperintensity observation. The use of HMM for rating inference of white matter hyperintensities can be used as a computerized rating-assisting tool and can be very economical for diagnostic evaluation of brain tissue lesions. They have also applied HMM for MRI-based brain age prediction. Cortical thinning and intracortical gray matter volume losses are widely observed in normal ageing, while the decreasing rate of the volume loss in subjects with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease is reported to be faster than the average speed. Therefore, neurodegenerative disease is considered as accelerated aging. Accurate detection of accelerated ageing of the brain is a relatively new direction of research in computational neuroscience, as it has the potential to offer positive clinical outcome through early intervention.

scholarly journals Automatic Detection of White Matter Hyperintensities in Healthy Aging and Pathology Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Eugenia Caligiuri ◽  
Paolo Perrotta ◽  
Antonio Augimeri ◽  
Federico Rocca ◽  
Aldo Quattrone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Automatic Detection ◽  
Resonance Imaging

scholarly journals Reduction in cerebral blood flow in areas appearing as white matter hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging

2009 ◽  
Vol 172 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam M. Brickman ◽  
Amir Zahra ◽  
Jordan Muraskin ◽  
Jason Steffener ◽  
Christopher M. Holland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Resonance Imaging

scholarly journals Effects of Alzheimer’s and Vascular Pathologies on Structural Connectivity in Early- and Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wha Jin Lee ◽  
Cindy W. Yoon ◽  
Sung-Woo Kim ◽  
Hye Jin Jeong ◽  
Seongho Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter Connectivity

Early- and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients often exhibit distinct features. We sought to compare overall white matter connectivity and evaluate the pathological factors (amyloid, tau, and vascular pathologies) that affect the disruption of connectivity in these two groups. A total of 50 early- and 38 late-onset AD patients, as well as age-matched cognitively normal participants, were enrolled and underwent diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to construct fractional anisotropy-weighted white matter connectivity maps. [18F]-THK5351 PET, [18F]-Flutemetamol PET, and magnetic resonance imaging were used for the evaluation of tau and related astrogliosis, amyloid, and small vessel disease markers (lacunes and white matter hyperintensities). Cluster-based statistics was performed for connectivity comparisons and correlation analysis between connectivity disruption and the pathological markers. Both patient groups exhibited significantly disrupted connectivity compared to their control counterparts with distinct patterns. Only THK retention was related to connectivity disruption in early-onset AD patients, and this disruption showed correlations with most cognitive scores, while late-onset AD patients had disrupted connectivity correlated with amyloid deposition, white matter hyperintensities, and lacunes in which only a few cognitive scores showed associations. These findings suggest that the pathogenesis of connectivity disruption and its effects on cognition are distinct between EOAD and LOAD.

scholarly journals Ultrashort echo time (UTE) magnetic resonance imaging of the short T2 components in white matter of the brain using a clinical 3T scanner

NeuroImage ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 32-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Du ◽  
Guolin Ma ◽  
Shihong Li ◽  
Michael Carl ◽  
Nikolaus M. Szeverenyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ultrashort Echo Time ◽  
Short T2 ◽  
Echo Time ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Cognitive Function and 3-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging Tractography of White Matter Hyperintensities in Elderly Persons

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Reginold ◽  
Angela C. Luedke ◽  
Angela Tam ◽  
Justine Itorralba ◽  
Juan Fernandez-Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Fractional Anisotropy ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Wechsler Memory Scale

Background/Aims: This study used 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tractography to determine if there was an association between tracts crossing white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and cognitive function in elderly persons. Methods: Brain T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and diffusion tensor MRI scans were acquired in participants above the age of 60 years. Twenty-six persons had WMH identified on T2 FLAIR scans. They completed a battery of neuropsychological tests and were classified as normal controls (n = 15) or with Alzheimer's dementia (n = 11). Tractography was generated by the Fiber Assignment by Continuous Tracking method. All tracts that crossed WMH were segmented. The average fractional anisotropy and average mean diffusivity of these tracts were quantified. We studied the association between cognitive test scores with the average mean diffusivity and average fractional anisotropy of tracts while controlling for age, total WMH volume and diagnosis. Results: An increased mean diffusivity of tracts crossing WMH was associated with worse performance on the Wechsler Memory Scale-III Longest Span Forward (p = 0.02). There was no association between the fractional anisotropy of tracts and performance on cognitive testing. Conclusion: The mean diffusivity of tracts crossing WMH measured by tractography is a novel correlate of performance on the Wechsler Memory Scale-III Longest Span Forward in elderly persons.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document